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Spontaneous-helping-in-pigs

This repository contains data and source code to reproduce the data and statistical analysis and figures of the article published in the journal "Proceedings of the Royal Society B":

Spontaneous helping in pigs is mediated by helper's social attention and distress signals of individuals in need by Liza R. Moscovice, Anja Eggert, Christian Manteuffel and Jean-Loup Rault

Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

The published article is available online at the following permanent link: https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0665.

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

In order to reference this software, please consider the information in the CITATION.cff file.

Usage

We run the data and statistical analysis on Windows 10.

1. THE REPOSITORY CONTAINS:

• Folder data with 10 csv-files:
  • Fig-2-latency-condition.csv
  • Fig-3-helping-window-time.csv
  • Fig-4-survival-distress.csv
  • Fig-S2-proportion-familiarization.csv
  • Fig-S3-latency-familiarization.csv
  • Fig-S4-latency-trials.csv
  • Fig-S5-likelihood-condition.csv
  • Fig-S6-cortisol-helper-trapped.csv
  • Fig-S7-cortisol-trapped-pigs.csv
  • Table-S2-side-preference-box.csv
• Folder code with corresponding 10 Quarto-Markdown and rendered HTML files:
  • Fig-2-latency-condition.qmd
  • Fig-3-helping-window-time.qmd
  • Fig-4-survival-distress.qmd
  • Fig-S2-proportion-familiarization.qmd
  • Fig-S3-latency-familiarization.qmd
  • Fig-S4-latency-trials.qmd
  • Fig-S5-likelihood-condition.qmd
  • Fig-S6-cortisol-helper-trapped.qmd
  • Fig-S7-cortisol-trapped-pigs.qmd
  • Table-S2-side-preference-box.qmd

2. TABLES
   • Table 1: Results of LMM predicting the influence of condition (separation/test trial) and identity of compartment (empty/test compartment) on the latency for pigs to first open a door (latency-condition)
   • Table 2: Results of a zero-inflated negative binomial model predicting the likelihood of helping (helping-window-time)
   • Table 3: Results of a survival analysis predicting the likelihood and latency for trapped pigs to be helped (survival-distress)
   • Table S1: Results of LMM predicting latency to open a door on familiarization days based on box location (latency-familiarization)
   • Table S2: Results of binomial test to test for side preference for a box (side-preference-box)
   • Table S3: Results of binomial GLMM to test for differences in likelihood of opening door in different conditions (likelihood-condition)
   • Table S4: Results of a LMM predicting how different distress signals relate to changes in salivary cortisol in trapped pigs (cortisol-trapped-pigs)
3. FIGURES
   • Figure 1: Schematic drawing
   • Figure 2. Latency for pigs to first open a door depending on condition (separation/test trial) and identity of compartment (empty/test compartment) (latency-condition)
   • Figure 3: Relationship between each potential helper’s social attention to the trapped pig and their likelihood of helping (helping-window-time)
   • Figure 4: Survival curve showing the probability for trapped pigs (n = 58) to be helped by another group member (survival-distress)
   • Figure S1: Foto of the test compartment
   • Figure S2: Proportion of pigs who successfully opened a door across familiarization (proportion-familiarization)
   • Figure S3: Daily latency for a door to be opened within each group during familiarization and based on box location (latency-familiarization)
   • Figure S4: Latency for helper pigs to release trapped pigs across trials within each group (latency-trials)
   • Figure S5: Likelihood of opening door in different conditions (likelihood-condition)
   • Figure S6: Comparison of post-release salivary cortisol concentrations in trapped pigs and their helpers (cortisol-helper-trapped)
   • Figure S7: Comparison of changes in salivary cortisol concentrations in pigs depending on distress signals while trapped (cortisol-trapped-pigs)