diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 63b25ff..b759f4a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 ## Features
 
 - **Supports keyset-based and offset-based pagination**: You can freely choose high-performance keyset pagination based on multiple indexed columns, or use offset pagination.
-- **Optional cursor encryption**: Supports encrypting cursors using `AES` or `Base64` to ensure the security of pagination information.
+- **Optional cursor encryption**: Supports encrypting cursors using `GCM(AES)` or `Base64` to ensure the security of pagination information.
 - **Flexible query strategies**: Optionally skip the `TotalCount` query to improve performance, especially in large datasets.
 - **Non-generic support**: Even without using Go generics, you can paginate using the `any` type for flexible use cases.
 
@@ -33,14 +33,16 @@ resp, err := p.Paginate(context.Background(), &relay.PaginateRequest[*User]{
 
 ### Middleware
 
-If you need to encrypt cursors, you can use `cursor.Base64` or `cursor.AES` middlewares:
+If you need to encrypt cursors, you can use `cursor.Base64` or `cursor.GCM` middlewares:
 
 ```go
 // Encrypt cursors with Base64
 cursor.Base64(gormrelay.NewOffsetAdapter[*User](db))
 
-// Encrypt cursors with AES
-cursor.AES(encryptionKey)(gormrelay.NewKeysetAdapter[*User](db))
+// Encrypt cursors with GCM(AES)
+gcm, err := cursor.NewGCM(encryptionKey)
+require.NoError(t, err)
+cursor.GCM(gcm)(gormrelay.NewKeysetAdapter[*User](db))
 ```
 
 If you need to append `PrimaryOrderBys` to `PaginateRequest.OrderBys`
diff --git a/cursor/aes.go b/cursor/gcm.go
similarity index 70%
rename from cursor/aes.go
rename to cursor/gcm.go
index d04707f..7924c4e 100644
--- a/cursor/aes.go
+++ b/cursor/gcm.go
@@ -13,40 +13,20 @@ import (
 	"github.com/theplant/relay"
 )
 
-func encryptAES(plainText string, key []byte) (string, error) {
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", errors.New("could not create cipher block")
-	}
-
-	gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
+func encryptGCM(gcm cipher.AEAD, plainText string) (string, error) {
 	nonce := make([]byte, gcm.NonceSize())
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, nonce); err != nil {
-		return "", err
+		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "could not generate nonce")
 	}
 
 	cipherText := gcm.Seal(nonce, nonce, []byte(plainText), nil)
 	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(cipherText), nil
 }
 
-func decryptAES(cipherText string, key []byte) (string, error) {
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", errors.New("could not create cipher block")
-	}
-
-	gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
+func decryptGCM(gcm cipher.AEAD, cipherText string) (string, error) {
 	decodedCipherText, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(cipherText)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
+		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "could not decode cipher text")
 	}
 
 	nonceSize := gcm.NonceSize()
@@ -57,17 +37,32 @@ func decryptAES(cipherText string, key []byte) (string, error) {
 	nonce, dataCipherText := decodedCipherText[:nonceSize], decodedCipherText[nonceSize:]
 	plainText, err := gcm.Open(nil, nonce, dataCipherText, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
+		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "could not decrypt cipher text")
 	}
 
 	return string(plainText), nil
 }
 
-func AES[T any](encryptionKey []byte) relay.CursorMiddleware[T] {
+// NewGCM creates a new GCM cipher
+// Concurrent safe: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/41689
+func NewGCM(key []byte) (cipher.AEAD, error) {
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("could not create cipher block")
+	}
+
+	gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("could not create GCM")
+	}
+	return gcm, nil
+}
+
+func GCM[T any](gcm cipher.AEAD) relay.CursorMiddleware[T] {
 	return func(next relay.ApplyCursorsFunc[T]) relay.ApplyCursorsFunc[T] {
 		return func(ctx context.Context, req *relay.ApplyCursorsRequest) (*relay.ApplyCursorsResponse[T], error) {
 			if req.After != nil {
-				decodedCursor, err := decryptAES(*req.After, encryptionKey)
+				decodedCursor, err := decryptGCM(gcm, *req.After)
 				if err != nil {
 					return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "invalid after cursor")
 				}
@@ -75,7 +70,7 @@ func AES[T any](encryptionKey []byte) relay.CursorMiddleware[T] {
 			}
 
 			if req.Before != nil {
-				decodedCursor, err := decryptAES(*req.Before, encryptionKey)
+				decodedCursor, err := decryptGCM(gcm, *req.Before)
 				if err != nil {
 					return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "invalid before cursor")
 				}
@@ -95,7 +90,7 @@ func AES[T any](encryptionKey []byte) relay.CursorMiddleware[T] {
 					if err != nil {
 						return "", err
 					}
-					encryptedCursor, err := encryptAES(cursor, encryptionKey)
+					encryptedCursor, err := encryptGCM(gcm, cursor)
 					if err != nil {
 						return "", err
 					}
diff --git a/cursor/aes_test.go b/cursor/gcm_test.go
similarity index 57%
rename from cursor/aes_test.go
rename to cursor/gcm_test.go
index 1407911..4218751 100644
--- a/cursor/aes_test.go
+++ b/cursor/gcm_test.go
@@ -6,41 +6,45 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func generateAESKey(length int) ([]byte, error) {
+func generateGCMKey(length int) ([]byte, error) {
 	key := make([]byte, length)
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, key); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not generate key")
 	}
 	return key, nil
 }
 
-func TestAES(t *testing.T) {
-	aesKey, err := generateAESKey(32)
+func TestGCM(t *testing.T) {
+	gcmKey, err := generateGCMKey(32)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	gcm, err := NewGCM(gcmKey)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	plainText := `{"ID":225}`
 
 	{
-		cipherText, err := encryptAES(plainText, aesKey)
+		cipherText, err := encryptGCM(gcm, plainText)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("cipherText: %s", cipherText)
 
-		decryptedText, err := decryptAES(cipherText, aesKey)
+		decryptedText, err := decryptGCM(gcm, cipherText)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, plainText, decryptedText)
 	}
 
 	{
-		cipherText, err := encryptAES(base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(plainText)), aesKey)
+		cipherText, err := encryptGCM(gcm, base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(plainText)))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("cipherText: %s", cipherText)
 
-		decryptedText, err := decryptAES(cipherText, aesKey)
+		decryptedText, err := decryptGCM(gcm, cipherText)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		plainTextData, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(decryptedText)
diff --git a/gormrelay/relay_test.go b/gormrelay/relay_test.go
index 8df675a..11f1e80 100644
--- a/gormrelay/relay_test.go
+++ b/gormrelay/relay_test.go
@@ -245,10 +245,10 @@ func TestTotalCountZero(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("offset", func(t *testing.T) { testCase(t, NewOffsetAdapter) })
 }
 
-func generateAESKey(length int) ([]byte, error) {
+func generateGCMKey(length int) ([]byte, error) {
 	key := make([]byte, length)
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, key); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not generate key")
 	}
 	return key, nil
 }
@@ -320,19 +320,22 @@ func TestMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	})
 
-	t.Run("AES", func(t *testing.T) {
-		encryptionKey, err := generateAESKey(32)
+	t.Run("GCM", func(t *testing.T) {
+		encryptionKey, err := generateGCMKey(32)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		gcm, err := cursor.NewGCM(encryptionKey)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		t.Run("keyset", func(t *testing.T) {
 			testCase(t, func(db *gorm.DB) relay.ApplyCursorsFunc[*User] {
-				return cursor.AES[*User](encryptionKey)(NewKeysetAdapter[*User](db))
+				return cursor.GCM[*User](gcm)(NewKeysetAdapter[*User](db))
 			})
 		})
 
 		t.Run("offset", func(t *testing.T) {
 			testCase(t, func(db *gorm.DB) relay.ApplyCursorsFunc[*User] {
-				return cursor.AES[*User](encryptionKey)(NewOffsetAdapter[*User](db))
+				return cursor.GCM[*User](gcm)(NewOffsetAdapter[*User](db))
 			})
 		})
 	})
@@ -376,10 +379,13 @@ func TestMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAppendCursorMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	resetDB(t)
 
-	encryptionKey, err := generateAESKey(32)
+	encryptionKey, err := generateGCMKey(32)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	gcm, err := cursor.NewGCM(encryptionKey)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	aesMiddleware := cursor.AES[*User](encryptionKey)
+	gcmMiddleware := cursor.GCM[*User](gcm)
 
 	testCase := func(t *testing.T, f func(db *gorm.DB) relay.ApplyCursorsFunc[*User]) {
 		p := relay.New(
@@ -387,8 +393,8 @@ func TestAppendCursorMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 			10, 10,
 			f(db),
 		)
-		p = relay.AppendCursorMiddleware(aesMiddleware)(p)                          // test add single middleware
-		p = relay.AppendCursorMiddleware(cursor.Base64[*User], aesMiddleware)(p)    // test add multiple middlewares
+		p = relay.AppendCursorMiddleware(gcmMiddleware)(p)                          // test add single middleware
+		p = relay.AppendCursorMiddleware(cursor.Base64[*User], gcmMiddleware)(p)    // test add multiple middlewares
 		p = relay.PrimaryOrderBy[*User](relay.OrderBy{Field: "ID", Desc: false})(p) // test a pagination middleware
 
 		resp, err := p.Paginate(context.Background(), &relay.PaginateRequest[*User]{