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.. -*- rest -*- | ||
.. | ||
Copyright (c) 2024 Science and Technology Facilities Council. | ||
All rights reserved. | ||
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Modifications made as part of the fparser project are distributed | ||
under the following license: | ||
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | ||
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are | ||
met: | ||
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1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | ||
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | ||
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2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | ||
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | ||
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | ||
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3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its | ||
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from | ||
this software without specific prior written permission. | ||
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS | ||
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT | ||
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR | ||
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT | ||
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, | ||
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT | ||
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, | ||
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY | ||
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT | ||
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE | ||
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. | ||
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.. _examples: | ||
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Examples | ||
======== | ||
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The distribution comes with a set of examples showing how fparser can | ||
be used. At the same time, some of these examples are actually useful tools | ||
that are used in other projects. | ||
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fparser2_f2008.py | ||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | ||
This is a very small example code that shows how a Fortran code, given as | ||
a string, is parsed, and then converted back into Fortran. It just prints | ||
out the re-created Fortran source code. | ||
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create_dependencies.py | ||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | ||
This file analyses the dependencies between a set of Fortran files, based on | ||
the ``Use`` statements in each file. It assumes that the module name in the | ||
``use`` statement corresponds to the name of the file (adding one of | ||
.F90/.f90/.x90). Only files in the current directory will be tested, so | ||
external dependencies will not be listed. Its output | ||
is in a format that can be immediately used in a Makefile:: | ||
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../create_dependencies.py *.f90 | ||
b.o: a.o | ||
c.o: a.o b.o | ||
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Ignoring error handling, the simplified main part of this code | ||
that is related to fparser is:: | ||
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reader = FortranFileReader(filename) | ||
parser = ParserFactory().create(std="f2003") | ||
parse_tree = parser(reader) | ||
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# Collect all used modules in a list | ||
all_use = set() | ||
for node in walk(parse_tree, Use_Stmt): | ||
use_name = str(node.items[2]) | ||
# A more sophisticated mapping could be used here. | ||
# But for now just assume that the name in the use statement | ||
# with an added ".o" is the required object file: | ||
obj_dependency = use_name + ".o" | ||
all_use.add(use_name) | ||
# Now ``all_use`` contains all .o files that ``filename`` depends on | ||
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The rest of the example is related to creating the proper format for | ||
a Makefile. | ||
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.. note:: It would be straight-forward to loop over all files twice, first | ||
to collect the module names provided by each file, then use this | ||
information | ||
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make_public.py | ||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | ||
This example removes all ``private`` and ``protected`` attributes in any | ||
declaration. In general these attributes are important and should | ||
obviously not be removed in order to give the compiler more information | ||
about intended use of the variables. But `PSyclone | ||
<https://github.com/stfc/PSyclone>`_ offers a feature called | ||
Kernel Extraction, which automatically writes all variables read and written | ||
in a code section to a file. It also then creates a stand-alone driver program | ||
that will read this file, execute the kernel, and compare the results with | ||
the original results. | ||
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Since PSyclone will follow the call tree, the code must be able to read even | ||
variables declared as ``private`` (to write them into the output file), and | ||
a driver program must be able to modify ``private`` and ``protected`` | ||
variables in modules. If the driver creation is used, the | ||
`Fab <https://github.com/MetOffice/fab>`_ based build system will | ||
remove all ``private`` and ``protected`` attributes in a separate build phase, | ||
so that the kernel extraction and driver creation works as expected. | ||
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A short example, which shows how a ``Access_Stmt`` like ``private :: a`` is | ||
removed:: | ||
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for node in walk(parse_tree, Access_Stmt): | ||
if node.items[0] == "PRIVATE": | ||
# Find the node in the parent, and remove it: | ||
node.parent.children.remove(node) | ||
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Modifying some of the fparser data structures can be more difficult, since | ||
they are often based on Python tuples, which cannot be modified. The following | ||
example from ``make_public.py`` shows how the middle element of a three-element | ||
tuple is replaced with None:: | ||
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type_decl.items = (type_decl.items[0], None, type_decl.items[2]) | ||
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split_file.py | ||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | ||
This script splits one Fortran source file into several files, each containing | ||
one top level module, subroutine, function or program. Each file uses the name | ||
of the program unit (module-, subroutine-, function-, program name). The | ||
extension will be ``.F90`` if there are preprocessor directives in the file, | ||
and ``.f90`` otherwise. | ||
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Additionally, ``split_file.py`` will create a Makefile to build either the | ||
binary (if a program is found in the file), or all object files. If any of | ||
the environment variables ``F90``, ``F90FLAGS``, and ``LDFLAGS`` are set at | ||
run time of the script, it will use these values as default values in the | ||
makefile. But by setting these environment variables when running ``make``, | ||
these defaults can always be overwritten. The Makefile also has a ``clean`` | ||
target, which will remove all ``.mod``, object, and the program file (if | ||
available). It uses the ``create_dependencies.py`` script to add the | ||
required dependencies to the Makefile. |
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Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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@@ -79,5 +79,6 @@ Welcome to fparser's documentation! | |
introduction | ||
fparser | ||
fparser2 | ||
examples | ||
developers_guide | ||
reference_guide |
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