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Update link in direction.md. Add page_layout.md
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LornaSIL committed Jan 21, 2025
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions src/content/docs/topics/layout/direction.md
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---

Computers were originally designed to use left-to-right (LTR) scripts. Examples of LTR scripts include Roman, Cyrillic, Ethiopic, and Indic scripts. There are also absolute right-to-left (RTL) scripts (some instances of Hebrew), mixed RTL (Arabic, Syriac, Thaana), top-to-bottom-RTL (Chinese and Japanese are examples of these), and top-to-bottom-LTR (Mongolian). These are the most common types in use today. There are, of course, other possibilities, such as [boustrophedon](./././reference/glossary.md#boust). When typesetting historic texts, being able to handle this system may also be necessary, but this document will only address issues relating to the most common types.
Computers were originally designed to use left-to-right (LTR) scripts. Examples of LTR scripts include Roman, Cyrillic, Ethiopic, and Indic scripts. There are also absolute right-to-left (RTL) scripts (some instances of Hebrew), mixed RTL (Arabic, Syriac, Thaana), top-to-bottom-RTL (Chinese and Japanese are examples of these), and top-to-bottom-LTR (Mongolian). These are the most common types in use today. There are, of course, other possibilities, such as [boustrophedon](https://silnrsi.github.io/wstr-sample-site/reference/glossary/#boust). When typesetting historic texts, being able to handle this system may also be necessary, but this document will only address issues relating to the most common types.

[ScriptSource Direction](https://www.scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=entry_detail&uid=cq3q4pwuah#02674a4e)
[ScriptSource: Direction](https://www.scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=entry_detail&uid=cq3q4pwuah#02674a4e)
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50 changes: 50 additions & 0 deletions src/content/docs/topics/layout/page_layout.md
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---
title: Page layout
sidebar:
order: 6500
---

## Overall design

The setup of a page will especially be affected in RTL and top-to-bottom books. Even numbered page numbers will now be on the right side of the page and odd numbered page numbers on the left side of the page, as seen in Figure 1 (page numbers are on lower outside margin) and Figure 2. Thus, even/odd pages will have margins which are opposite from a LTR book.

![Figure 1. Vertical headers in a top-to-bottom-RTL script (Chinese)](images/6500-1-Chinese.png)

<figcaption>Figure 1. Vertical headers in a top-to-bottom-RTL script (Chinese)</figcaption>


## Headers and Footers

Another issue that needs to be examined is what headers, footers and footnotes look like with vertical text. Do they run across the top and bottom of the page or do they run down the far left or far right of the page? The publishing application must be able to handle these unusual header and footer types.

![Figure 2. Horizontal headers in a top-to-bottom-RTL script (Japanese)](images/6500-2-Japanese.png)

<figcaption>Figure 2. Horizontal headers in a top-to-bottom-RTL script (Japanese)</figcaption>

A vertical text with vertical headers is seen in Figure 1 while the body of Figure 2 is vertical with vertical footnotes but has LTR horizontal headers and footers. Examples of Chinese and Korean with RTL horizontal headers have also been seen.

![Figure 3. Horizontal and vertical headers in a top-to-bottom-LTR script (Mongolian)](images/6500-3-Mongolian.png)

<figcaption>Figure 3. Horizontal _and_ vertical headers in a top-to-bottom-LTR script (Mongolian)</figcaption>

Figure 3 has a vertical body text with both a horizontal header for the page number and a vertical header on the outside pages (which contain first and last dictionary entries). Figure 4 has a vertical body text with a header across the top of the page while the words in the header are still running vertically LTR. What a rich variety of possibilities!

![Figure 4. Columns in a top-to-bottom-LTR script (Xibo)](images/6500-4-Xibo.png)

<figcaption>Figure 4. Columns in a top-to-bottom-LTR script (Xibo)</figcaption>

## Columns

Columns, of course, must be handled differently when a vertical script is in use. Figure 4 shows a dictionary which is set in three columns. The text reads LTR, then flows to the next column and again begins at the left and flows right. Obviously, column behavior for RTL vertical scripts would be opposite to this.

## Diglots

The ability to typeset diglots is also very important. This could take the form of using the same script (Figure 5) or two differing scripts (Figure 6).

![Figure 5. Diglot using the same script (Devanagari) in two languages (Gurung/Nepali)](images/6500-5-Deva.png)

<figcaption>Figure 5. Diglot using the same script (Devanagari) in two languages (Gurung/Nepali)</figcaption>

![Figure 6. Diglot using differing scripts (Lanna/Thai)](images/6500-6-NorthernThai.png)

<figcaption>Figure 6. Diglot using differing scripts (Lanna/Thai)</figcaption>

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