Skip conversion of shape.shapeof with 0-ranked tensor operand (#2107)

Currently `--shape-legalize-to-stablehlo` fails on the following code:

```
func.func @test1() -> tensor<0xindex> {
  %0 = arith.constant dense<0> : tensor<i32>
  %1 = shape.shape_of %0 : tensor<i32> -> tensor<0xindex>
  func.return %1 : tensor<0xindex>
}
```
at `stablehlo/dialect/TypeInference.cpp:1700`:
```
// concatenate_c5
auto elementType = inputTypes[0].cast<ShapedType>().getElementType();
```
as `inputTypes.size()` is zero.

I have checked how it works on non-0 ranked tensor type:
```
func.func @test2() -> tensor<2xindex> {
  %1 = arith.constant dense<0> : tensor<2x128xi32>
  %3 = shape.shape_of %1 : tensor<2x128xi32> -> tensor<2xindex>
  func.return %3 : tensor<2xindex>
}
```
produces:
```
func.func @test2() -> tensor<2xindex> {
  %cst = arith.constant dense<0> : tensor<2x128xi32>
  %0 = stablehlo.get_dimension_size %cst, dim = 0 : (tensor<2x128xi32>) -> tensor<i32>
  %1 = stablehlo.reshape %0 : (tensor<i32>) -> tensor<1xi32>
  %2 = stablehlo.get_dimension_size %cst, dim = 1 : (tensor<2x128xi32>) -> tensor<i32>
  %3 = stablehlo.reshape %2 : (tensor<i32>) -> tensor<1xi32>
  %4 = stablehlo.concatenate %1, %3, dim = 0 : (tensor<1xi32>, tensor<1xi32>) -> tensor<2xi32>
  %5 = builtin.unrealized_conversion_cast %4 : tensor<2xi32> to tensor<2xindex>
    return %5 : tensor<2xindex>
}
```

I suggest considering an alternative approach instead of simply bailing
out; one option could be generating a constant tensor with zero
dimension:
```
func.func @test1() -> tensor<0xindex> {
  %cst = arith.constant dense<0> : tensor<i32>
  %0 = stablehlo.constant dense<> : tensor<0xi32>
  %1 = builtin.unrealized_conversion_cast %0 : tensor<0xi32> to tensor<0xindex>
  return %1 : tensor<0xindex>
}
```
but i am not entirely certain in semantic equivalence.

stablehlo/tests/shape_legalize_to_stablehlo.mlir

@@ -387,3 +387,15 @@ func.func @tensor_extract_dynamic(%arg0: tensor<?x3xindex>) -> index {
   %0 = tensor.extract %arg0[%c1, %c2] : tensor<?x3xindex>
   return %0 : index
 }
+
+// -----
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: func @shape_of_zero_ranked_tensor
+func.func @shape_of_zero_ranked_tensor(%arg0: tensor<?x3xindex>) -> tensor<0xindex> {
+  //      CHECK: %[[CONST:.*]] = stablehlo.constant dense<> : tensor<0xi32>
+  // CHECK-NEXT: %[[RES_DIM0_INDEX:.*]] = builtin.unrealized_conversion_cast %[[CONST]] : tensor<0xi32> to tensor<0xindex>
+  // CHECK-NEXT: return %[[RES_DIM0_INDEX]] : tensor<0xindex>
+  %0 = arith.constant dense<0> : tensor<i32>
+  %1 = shape.shape_of %0 : tensor<i32> -> tensor<0xindex>
+  func.return %1 : tensor<0xindex>
+}

stablehlo/transforms/ShapeLegalizeToStablehlo.cpp

@@ -256,17 +256,25 @@ struct ConvertShapeOfOpPattern : public OpRewritePattern<shape::ShapeOfOp> {
     // Produce a StableHLO equivalent of this shape::ShapeOfOp.
     // This is a very laborious representation because StableHLO is currently
     // lacking convenient tools to express this.
-    SmallVector<Value> sizesI32x1;
-    for (auto i = 0; i < operandType.getRank(); ++i) {
-      auto sizeI32 =
-          rewriter.create<GetDimensionSizeOp>(op.getLoc(), op.getArg(), i);
-      auto sizeI32x1 = rewriter.create<ReshapeOp>(
-          op.getLoc(), RankedTensorType::get({1}, rewriter.getI32Type()),
-          sizeI32);
-      sizesI32x1.push_back(sizeI32x1);
+    Value shapeI32;
+    if (operandType.getRank() > 0) {
+      SmallVector<Value> sizesI32x1;
+      for (auto i = 0; i < operandType.getRank(); ++i) {
+        auto sizeI32 =
+            rewriter.create<GetDimensionSizeOp>(op.getLoc(), op.getArg(), i);
+        auto sizeI32x1 = rewriter.create<ReshapeOp>(
+            op.getLoc(), RankedTensorType::get({1}, rewriter.getI32Type()),
+            sizeI32);
+        sizesI32x1.push_back(sizeI32x1);
+      }
+      shapeI32 = rewriter.create<ConcatenateOp>(op.getLoc(), sizesI32x1,
+                                                /*dimension=*/0);
+    } else {
+      shapeI32 = rewriter.create<ConstantOp>(
+          op.getLoc(), DenseElementsAttr::get(
+                           RankedTensorType::get({0}, rewriter.getI32Type()),
+                           ArrayRef<Attribute>()));
     }
-    auto shapeI32 = rewriter.create<ConcatenateOp>(op.getLoc(), sizesI32x1,
-                                                   /*dimension=*/0);
 
     // Cast result from tensor<Nxi32> to tensor<Nxindex>.
     // This will error out if the result is !shape.shape.