02_Surah_Baqarah.md

Number 02: Surah Baqarah (notes in progress)

Surah Information

• Classification: Madani
• Rukus: 40
• Ayahs: 286
• Subject: 2 Ummato se bayaan

Useful Information

• Es Surah ko Surah-tul-Ummatain bhi kaha ja sakta hai.
• 2 Hisso me taqseem kiya ja sakta hai.
  • Pehle 18 Rukus (152 ayahs): pichle logo ke hawale se bayyan (Yahood, Bani Israil)
    • 4 rukus (00-04): Quran ki hiqmat aor falsafa ka khulasa jo Makki Quran me nazzul ho chukata tha (2/3 Quran nazul ho chuka tha 12-13 saal mein)
    • 10 rukus (05-14): Bani Israil se khitab.
      • 1st ruku: Yahood ko daawat.
      • Baqia 9 ruku mein malamat aor tanqeed yahood par.
    • 4 rukus (15-18):
      • nateeja - Us mansab se ma'zool karke nayi ummat ko faaiz kiya ja raha.
      • Iski alaamat: Kibla ka rukh badla gaya. Jeroselum se change kar ke Kaba-tul-Allah, Makkah kar diya gaya.
  • Baqia 22 rukus (134 ayyahs): asal khitab moujooda ummat se yani, ummat e Muhammad SAW.
• Jab b inqilab hota hay to 3 qisam ke log nazar aaty hain.
  • Jo ienqlab ke sath hoty. Jo dawat qabool karte hain.
  • Jo inqari hoty hain. Woh ikhtlaf me hoty hain.
  • Jo opportunist hoty hain. Zarurt ki wajha se sath dete hain. Jab unki zaroort hoti to mukar jaty hain. Mushkil ke waqt baagh jaaty hain. Munafiq keh sakty hain, 2 moo waly log.
• 3 qism ke logon se khitab hai es Surah mein.
  • Momineen
  • Kaafir / Yahood
  • Munaafiq

Surah Notes

Pichle umatto se khitab [1-152] [1-18 Ruku]

• Pehle 18 Rukus
• 152 ayahs
• pichle logo ke hawale se bayyan (Yahood, Bani Israil)

1-4 Ruku [1-39]

• Quran ki hiqmat aor phalsafa ka khulasa jo Makki Quran me nazzul ho chukata (2/3 Quran nazul ho chuka tha 12-13 saal mein)

Ruku 1 [1-7]

• 2 qisma ke log es ruku mein:
  • Momineen
  • Kaafir
• Quran wohi qitab hai jis me koi shaq nahi hai. Yeh aqal-e-saleem (God-conscious) ke liye ek guide hai.
  • Alif-laam-meem (الٓمٓ): Haroof-e-muqataat, jinki ma'any kisi ko nahi pata.
  • Jo gaib par imaan laty hain.
  • Namaz qaim karte hain.
  • Jo rizq Allah unhain deta hai us me se kharch karte hain.
  • Jo Rasool SAW par imaan rakhty hain aor unse pehle thy yani tamaam Anbiya RA par unke aasimaani kitbaao par.
  • Aakhirat par yaqeen rakhty hain.
  • Yehi log manzil-e-murad ko pohchne waly hain, falah paany waly kamyab yehi log hain.
• Jo Quran se (imaan) se moo more ga uske liye ke sakht azab hai.
  • Jo haq ko pehchaan kar rad krde, Allah ne unke dilo par muhr laga di hai, woh ab imaan ki dawat ni qabool karne waly.

Ruku 2 [8-20]

• Munaafiq, unke kirdaar.
  • Munafqiyat qirdar ki kamzori hai
    • yeh ek marz hai.
    • Jiska imaan pukhta na ho kamzor ho.
  • Ulama-e-yahood: kehty thy ke hum sirf Muhammad par imaan nai laye baqi to sab nabi par laye hn to hum b muslimaan hoye.
  • Munafiqeen mein bhi bht log thy jinko apni nafqiyat ka shaoor nai tha.
    • Woh samjhty thy ke wo sahi log hain, sahi samjhty hain baqi bewaqoof hai
      • Jese jhang me jaan o maal zaya krte hain yeh muslim, chahye ke aman se rahy.
      • Lekin inko asal andaza nai ke duniyawi maal o dolat ke badle wo imaan zaya kar rhe thy.
      • Kehty thy hum sulah karne waly hain.
      • Asal me wohi fasad waly hain.
      • Agar Nabi SAW aor Allah par imaan laya hai to Allah ke har huqm maan'na parna hai.
  • Jab munafiq apne leaders se miltay thy to keh thy hum aap ke sath hai, aor jab imaan walo se milty thy to kehty aap k sath hai.
  • Yeh manafiq samjhty thy ke wo Allah ko dhoka de rhe, asal me wo apne aap ko dhoka de rhe thy.
  • Allah inki rasi daraz kar raha hai.
  • Yeh wo log hain jinho ne hidayat ke badle ghumrahi khareedli.
• 2 Examples:
  • Ek misal mushrikeen ki.
    • Us sakhs jesi hai misal, jis ne andhera mitany ke liye aag roshan ki. Lekin aain us waqt uski aankho ki roshni cheenli gay.
    • Pehle to wo us wajha se andhere me tha ke roshni nai. Lekin baad me roshni to thi lekin wo dekh ni sakta, uske andr ki roshni khatam hogayi.
    • Yeh misaal Arab ke mushriq ke liye hai.
      • Un par hidayat (roshni) ni thi wazeh. Muhammad SAW aye aor unke jahan ko roshan kiya.
      • Lekin apne hasad, taqabur aor hath-dharmi ki wajha se wo apne kufr par arh gaye, unho ne apne dilo par muhr lagwa di, toh wo mehroom rahy us hidayat se jo roshan kar rahi thi sare jahan ko.
      • Wo wese ke wese rahy, pehle b andhere me (koi roshni / hidayat na hony ki wajha se) baad me b andhere mein (apne kufr ki wajha se).
    • Yeh andhe hn, goongy hn, bhere hain, ab yeh kuch na maany gy apne kufr ki wajha se.
      • Yeh log me se Abu Jahal, Abu Lahab, Shaibah bin Rabbiya, Waleed bin Mughairah etc shaamil hain.
      • Allah inka ihata kiye howe hai.
    • Roshni me aany waly momineen hain.
  • Dusri bain bain chalne waly munafiqo ki.
    • Zor ki barish, andhere, garj hai, bijli hai, kuch log apni ungilyan bijli ki kark ki wajha se apne kaan band kiye hoye mout ke khouf se.
    • Jab bijli chamki, kuch nazar aya to thora bht chal diye (compare with: asaani nazr ayi deen me)
    • Jab tareeki qaim ho jaye to khare ke khare rahy. (compare: mushkilat deen me, jihad etc)
    • Quran ki barish ho rhi, rehmat baras rahi, job mushkil aye to ruk gaye lekin jab thori breathing space mili hum be muslimaan hain.
    • Allah chahta inki b basaarat aor samaat khatm kar deta.
    • Lekin Allah unko chalne de raha jese woh chalna chah rahe.
      • Yeh Allah ki sunnat hai, jo jis tarh chalna chahta uska rasta usi rasty hamwar kar deta hai.
        • Jo deen par chalna chahta, uske liye wo raah asan kar dega.
        • Jo kufr ka rasta akhtiyar karta, Allah us me usko dheel deta hai.
        • Aor jo bain bain chalna chahta, Allah usko ese e chalne deta. Aakhrat me hisab le ga.

Ruku 3 [21-29]

• Quran ki dawat ka khulasa es ruku main.
• Sirf Allah ki ibaadat karo.
  • Touheed ka maala. Touheed bil amal.
• Quran ka dawa Allah ka kalam.
  • Risalat ka maamla.
  • Koi bhi ek Surah le ao? aor bataya bhi gaya ke laa e nahi saky.
• Momin ka inaam.
  • Jannat, bhaagh, dariyaa, fruits, rizq, paak zoja.
• Machhar ki tamseel aor bohto ko uljhany aor roshan karna.
  • Logo ne aitraz kiya tha machhar jesi haqeer cheez ka misal ka Allah zikr kar rha Quran mein.
  • Yeh kese ho sakta hai ke yeh tamaam duniya ka malik aor misal ek haqeer gandi cheez ka.
  • Allah ko koi jhijhak nai koi bhi misal dene mein tashbeeh ke liye.
  • Allah esi trh logo ko aazimata hai.
• Allah ko kese inkar kr rhy ho?
  • Ahd-e-alast:
    • Aalam-e-arwah me kiya gaya wada Allah ke sath tamam insaano ka ke hum teri e badagi kare gy.
    • Insan es duniya me aany se pehle murda tha, Allah ne usko zinda kiya aor jism diya aor phr mare ga aor phr zinda kare ga.
    • Hamari pehle takhleeq hui aalam-e-arwa me rooh ki shaqal mein, phr hum murda kar diye gaye.
  • Insaan Allah ko Khaaliq, Maalik samjhne ke bajaye khud haakim, aor maalik ban jaye, takabur kare.

Ruku 4 [30-39]

• Es ruku me insan ko khilafat (representative of Allah) sonpne ka zikar hai.
  • 3 saahib-e-sha'oor takhleeq hai Allah paak ki (jin me "main" ki shanakht hai.)
    • Malaik: Noor se paida kiye gaye. Jo Allah ka hukm hai, bs wohi karte hain. (noori)
    • Jinn: Aag se paida kiye gaye (naari)
    • Insan: Pani aor matti se paida kiye gaye (gare ki)
• Aadam ki takhleeq ki kahani.
  • Farishto ne pocha ke ek aor fasad karne wali makhlooq bana rahe hain, jese Jin thy pehle.
  • Farishto ka dil tha ke khialafat unko mily.
  • Khalifa ko akhtiyar milta hai, jahan hukm hai, wo to theek hai, uske liawa wo jo kar sakta hai jahan hukm nai.
    • Fasad hony ka andesha hai kiyu ke shaoor hai, power hai.
  • Allah ka khaleefa har wo insaan hai jo Allah ke raste par chalta hai.
    • Jisne baghawat ki, takabur, kufr kiya, wo insaan to rahe ga lekin khaleefa nai.
• Ilm ki fateh.
  • Allah ne insaan ko ilm ata farmaya.
    • Tamam cheezo ke nam sikhaye (human knowledge)
    • Cheezein seekhne / process karne ka amal insaan ko diya.
  • Farishto se pucha unko nai tha pata, Aadam ne bataye.
    • Farishto ko sab kuch ni maloom, wo apne apne kam me ma'moor hai. Har ek ko apna kam diya gaya hai. Jo wo karte hain.
• Farishte Aadam ka ehtram karte hain.
  • Farishto ko Aadam ko sajda karne ka kaha gaya.
    • Sajda Allah ki rooh Aadam phoonki gayi, sajda us wajha se hai.
    • Insan ko khaleefa jo banaya ja raha, esi liye malaik ko insan ke tab'iy kiya ja raha.
  • Iblees jinn hai, farishta nai.
    • Iblees ne sajda nai kiya. Wo kaafiro me ho gya, laanat dali gayi Allah ki us par.
    • Shaitan, sh-ta-na se liya gaya hai, jiska matlab hai intehai hasad me jalne wala.
    • Iblees ki maany hai mayoos-shuda. Iblees, Allah ki rehmat se mayoos hogya to us ne kaha mein nai to koi b nai.
    • Iblees ne Aadam ki tamam makhlooq ko zalel o barbaad karne ka azm kiya howa ta k wo Allah ko dikha saky ke yeh insan kese hai.
• Shaitan Aadam ko jannat se mehroom kara diya.
  • Aadam ko jannat me Hawa ke sath rehne ko gaya.
  • Sab kuch khany ko kaha sawaye ek darakht ke.
  • Koi mehnat nai karni parti thi.
  • Shaitan ne Aadam aor Hawa ko apni chalaki se wo darakht ka phal khany par phusla diya.
  • Esi tarah Aadam ko jannat se nikal diya gaya.
    • Yeh asal me insaan ko dikhanye ke liya tha ke shaitan insaan ka dushman hai usko dushman e samjho.
  • Aadam aor Hawa ko jannat se nikala gaya.
    • Yahan ab mehnat aor mushakat karni pare gi.
• Aadam ki touba aor bakhshish.
  • Aadam ko sakht pashemani hui ke yeh mene kiya kia.
    • Allah ne Aadam ko wo alfaz sikha diye kiyu k asal cheez nadamat ka paida hona tha.
    • Lekin yehi cheez shaitan aor Aadam me farq tha. Aadam ne touba karli. Lekin Iblees ne nai.

Ruku 5-14 (10 ruku) [40-121]

Yeh 10 ruku Bani Israil ke sath qalam hai.

Ruku 5 [40-46]

• Subject: Es ruku Bani Israil ko dawat di ja rahi.
• Israil lafzi mana:
  • Isr -> Aseer -> Qaidi
  • Eel -> Allah ka naam
  • Yani Allah ka banda -> Abdullah
• Yeh Hazrat Yaqoob (AS) ka laqab hai jinke 12 bete aor Bani Israil unki olad ko kehty hain.
• Bani Israil par 4 door aa chuky thy Quran ke nazool se pehle
  • 2 baar urooj, 2 baar azaab / zawal
  • Jis waqt Quran naazil ho raha tha us waqt bani Israil zawal par thy.
• Bani Israil par Allah ka inaam aor Bani Israil ka wada
• Nabi SAW ke aany ki khabar aor Bani Israil ko qabool karna tha (Surah Airaf me zikr)
• Torait: Mein tumhre bhaiyo me se tere maanad ek Nabi barpa karu ga aor usky mooh me Apna kalam dalu ga aor wo wohi kuch bataye ga jo Mein usay kahu ga.
• Imaan lau jo Allah ne naazil kiya hai: Torait -> Quran
  • Bani Israil ko kafir ni hona chahye Q k inko to pata tha aor intezar kar rhe thy.
• Aayat-e-Ilahi ko mamooli qeemat par na becho
• Taqwa akhtiyar ko
• Haq ko haq zahir karo. Jaanty bhoojhty haq ko rad na karo.
• Namaz, zakat ada karo. Ruku bhi add karo jamat ke sath.
• Dusro ko achai ki talqain karte ho aor khud apne aap ko bhool jaty ho.
• Allah ki madad Namaz aor sabar se haasil karo. Yeh bohat mushkil cheez hai.

Ruku 6-14 [47-121]

Ruku 15-18 (4 ruku) [122:152]

Ummat e Muhammad se khitab [153-282 Aayah] [18-40 Ruku]

• 134 Ayahas
• 22 Rukus
• horizontal division; ufaqi taqseem.
• 4 topics inter mixed with each other.
  • Ibaadat
  • Muaamlaat (haram vs Halal)
  • Jihad bil maal
  • Jihaad bil Nafs

## Reference

• https://quran.com/surah/2/info