diff --git a/src/core/objective.jl b/src/core/objective.jl
index 0d116d18..f47e400e 100644
--- a/src/core/objective.jl
+++ b/src/core/objective.jl
@@ -123,15 +123,6 @@ function objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial(pm::AbstractPowerModel; kwa
     end
 end
 
-function _unstable_pow(x, p)
-    if p == 0
-        return 1
-    elseif p == 1
-        return x
-    end
-    return x^p
-end
-
 ""
 function _objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial_linquad(pm::AbstractPowerModel; report::Bool=true)
     gen_cost = Dict()
@@ -142,7 +133,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial_linquad(pm::AbstractPowerM
             pg = sum( var(pm, n, :pg, i)[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n) )
             gen_cost[(n, i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(pg, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * pg^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
             )
         end
 
@@ -151,7 +142,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial_linquad(pm::AbstractPowerM
             p_dc = sum( var(pm, n, :p_dc, from_idx[i])[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n) )
             dcline_cost[(n, i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(p_dc, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(dcline["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * p_dc^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(dcline["cost"]))),
             )
         end
     end
@@ -272,7 +263,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial_nl(pm::AbstractPowerModel;
             pg = sum( var(pm, n, :pg, i)[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n))
             gen_cost[(n,i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(pg, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * pg^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
             )
         end
 
@@ -282,7 +273,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_and_flow_cost_polynomial_nl(pm::AbstractPowerModel;
             p_dc = sum( var(pm, n, :p_dc, from_idx[i])[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n))
             dcline_cost[(n,i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(p_dc, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(dcline["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * p_dc^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(dcline["cost"]))),
             )
         end
     end
@@ -315,7 +306,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_cost_polynomial_linquad(pm::AbstractPowerModel; rep
             pg = sum( var(pm, n, :pg, i)[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n) )
             gen_cost[(n, i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(pg, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * pg^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
             )
         end
     end
@@ -336,7 +327,7 @@ function _objective_min_fuel_cost_polynomial_nl(pm::AbstractPowerModel; report::
             pg = sum( var(pm, n, :pg, i)[c] for c in conductor_ids(pm, n))
             gen_cost[(n,i)] = JuMP.@expression(
                 pm.model,
-                sum(v * _unstable_pow(pg, d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
+                sum(v * pg^(d-1) for (d, v) in enumerate(reverse(gen["cost"]))),
             )
         end
     end
diff --git a/test/runtests.jl b/test/runtests.jl
index 9d5f1aca..03ac33aa 100644
--- a/test/runtests.jl
+++ b/test/runtests.jl
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import Pkg
-Pkg.pkg"add JuMP#od/nlp-expr MathOptInterface#master Ipopt#od/nlp-expr"
+Pkg.pkg"add JuMP#od/nlp-expr"
 
 using PowerModels
 import InfrastructureModels