Yamada1996

Report for study: Yamada1996

Contact Information

Data contributor: Toshihiro Yamada

Email: yamada07@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Address:

• Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521 Japan

Data source

Citation: Yamada T and Suzuki E (1996). 'Ontogenic change in leaf shape and crown form of a tropical tree, Scaphium macropodum (Sterculiaceae) in Borneo.' Journal of Plant Research, 109(2), pp. 211-217.

DOI: 10.1007/BF02344547

Abstract: Crown architecture was analyzed for Scaphium macropodum (Sterculiaceae), a common shade-tolerant emergent tree of a tropical rain forest in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Saplings and poles shorter than 12 m in height had no branches, and gathered their leaves at the ends of the stem. The leaves changed from entire to palmately-parted with increasing tree size. The parted leaves increased the light penetration through the clustered foliage. The size of leaves including the blade and petiole ranged from 22 cm to 147 cm. Because the weight of petiole per blade increased with leaf size, the leaf could not be enlarged infinitely. Taller trees with lateral branches bore small (about 40 cm in length) entire leaves. The light intensity in the forest increased from the ground to about 12 m tall and was nearly constant from 12 m to 18 m. Crown architecture of S. macropodum adapted to this light environment. The monoaxial trees lower than 12 m could thus increase the amount of light with vertical elongation, and the branched trees higher than 12 m could increase it by means of lateral extension of crown area.

Overview of data provided

The dataset includes records for 53 individuals from 1 species belonging to 1 family(ies), presenting 1 functional type(s), growing in 1 condition(s) within 1 major type(s) of habitat, with data included for the following variables:

Variable	Label	Units	N	Min	Median	Max
latitude	Latitude	deg	53	0.75	0.75	0.75
longitude	Longitude	deg	53	110	110	110
a.stba	Stem area at base	m2	53	0.00002	0.0002	0.013
a.stbh	Stem area at breast height	m2	33	0.000013	0.00013	0.011
a.cp	Crown area	m2	12	0.86	2.8	11
h.t	Height	m	53	0.27	1.8	19
h.c	Height to crown base	m	53	0.087	1.6	17
d.ba	Basal diameter	m	53	0.005	0.016	0.13
d.bh	Dbh	m	33	0.004	0.013	0.12
h.bh	Height of d.bh measurement	m	53	1.3	1.3	1.3
d.cr	Crown width	m	12	1	1.9	3.7
c.d	Crown depth	m	53	0.023	0.2	4.1
m.lf	Leaf mass	kg	53	0.0014	0.038	1.5
m.st	Total stem mass	kg	53	0.0013	0.1	48
m.so	Aboveground mass	kg	53	0.0027	0.12	49
m.br	Branch mass	kg	53	0	0	4.6

And locally within the country:

The sites sampled are:

Location	Longitude	Latitude	Vegetation
Mt. Berui, West kalimantan, Indonesia	110.1	0.75	Tropical rainforest

The growing conditions of sampled plants was:

Location	growingCondition
Mt. Berui, West kalimantan, Indonesia	field wild

Species sampled

Species	Family	Pft
Scaphium macropodum	Malvaceae	deciduous angiosperm

Methods used

Sampling strategy: Trees without any evidence of breakage were collected from closed stands.

Leaf area: Leaf areas were measured for 108 leaves taken from 11 sample trees of 37 cm to 1870 cm in height.

Stem cross sectional area: Measured by a caliper in two directions

Height: Measured by a measuring tape.

Crown area: Measured by a measuring tape.

Biomass: Fresh weights were measured and some samples were oven dried and weighed. And the fresh weights were later converted to oven dry weights.

Traits: A species with moderately shade tolerance.

Growth environment: A species with moderately shade tolerance.

Year collected: 1992-1993

Acknowledgements: E. Suzuki

Plots of data

This is how the study Yamada1996 fits in the entire dataset (grey). each colour represents a species. A legend of species names with colours is included at the end for reports with 1 < n < 20 species.