- Docker将集装箱思想运用到软件打包上，为代码提供了一个基于容器的标准化运输系统。
- Docker可以将任何应用及其依赖打包成一个轻量级、可移植、自包含的容器。
- 对于开发人员：Build Once、Run Anywhere
- 对于运维人员：Configure Once、Run Anything
- Docker客户端： Client
docker builddocker pulldocker run
- Docker服务端：Docker daemon
- Docker daemon是服务器组件，以Linux后台服务的方式运行。
- Docker daemon运行在Docker host上，负责创建、运行、监控容器，构建、存储镜像。
- Docker镜像：Image
- Dcoker镜像看成只读模板，通过它可以创建Docker容器。
- Registry
- Registry是存放Docker镜像的仓库，Registry分私有和公有两种。
- Docker容器：Container
- Docker容器就是Docker镜像的运行实例。
- 用户可以通过CLI(Docker)或时API启动、停止、移动或删除容器。
# systemctl status docker.service
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2019-07-21 10:09:01 CST; 7h ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 10076 (dockerd)
Tasks: 128
Memory: 1.7G
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─10076 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
├─12725 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 8010 -container-ip 172.18.0.2 -container-port 8010
├─12763 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 3000 -container-ip 172.18.0.3 -container-port 3000
├─12827 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 32768 -container-ip 172.18.0.4 -container-port 2379
├─12873 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 32769 -container-ip 172.18.0.5 -container-port 2379
├─12973 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 32770 -container-ip 172.18.0.7 -container-port 2379
├─13008 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 9090 -container-ip 172.18.0.8 -container-port 9090
├─14117 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 10080 -container-ip 172.18.0.12 -container-port 10080
├─14136 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 4000 -container-ip 172.18.0.12 -container-port 4000
├─14155 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 8080 -container-ip 172.18.0.13 -container-port 8080
├─14195 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 7077 -container-ip 172.18.0.13 -container-port 7077
└─14635 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 38081 -container-ip 172.18.0.14 -container-port 38081
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.708165186+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer: HandleSubConnStateChange: 0xc4200cb9e0, READY" module=grpc
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.721654697+08:00" level=info msg="[graphdriver] using prior storage driver: overlay2"
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.725307241+08:00" level=info msg="Graph migration to content-addressability took 0.00 seconds"
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.726230931+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.838340825+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be used to se...rred IP address"
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.877466106+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.922971544+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=0dd43dd graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=18.09.8
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.923097174+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd[10076]: time="2019-07-21T10:09:01.935472204+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"
7月 21 10:09:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
pingcap/tikv latest d2991e8b9840 23 hours ago 361MB
pingcap/tidb latest bcf7806d9f5d 32 hours ago 80MB
pingcap/tispark latest 2092257993e1 2 days ago 864MB
pingcap/pd latest 8052357687b7 5 days ago 80.3MB
httpd latest ee39f68eb241 8 days ago 154MB
grafana/grafana 6.0.1 ffd9c905f698 4 months ago 241MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 6 months ago 1.84kB
pingcap/tidb-vision latest e9b25d9f7bdb 14 months ago 47.6MB
prom/prometheus v2.2.1 cc866859f8df 16 months ago 113MB
prom/pushgateway v0.3.1 434efa6ed9db 2 years ago 13.3MB
-
查看运行的容器
# docker ps // 或 docker container ls CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f2ae40f77358 pingcap/tispark:latest "/opt/spark/sbin/sta…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:38081->38081/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tispark-slave0_1 395e39ea219f pingcap/tispark:latest "/opt/spark/sbin/sta…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:7077->7077/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tispark-master_1 fe1d98a504b1 pingcap/tidb:latest "/tidb-server --stor…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:4000->4000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10080->10080/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tidb_1 3d47dfa108c1 pingcap/tikv:latest "/tikv-server --addr…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 20160/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tikv0_1 acdc104bb785 pingcap/tikv:latest "/tikv-server --addr…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 20160/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tikv2_1 ec840203c4e8 pingcap/tikv:latest "/tikv-server --addr…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 20160/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tikv1_1 6a2c9cb04c6a pingcap/pd:latest "/pd-server --name=p…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 2380/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32770->2379/tcp tidb-docker-compose_pd1_1 89d240939499 prom/prometheus:v2.2.1 "/bin/prometheus --l…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp tidb-docker-compose_prometheus_1 3ae197ddc6b3 pingcap/pd:latest "/pd-server --name=p…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 2380/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32769->2379/tcp tidb-docker-compose_pd0_1 d825406e04e9 prom/pushgateway:v0.3.1 "/bin/pushgateway --…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 9091/tcp tidb-docker-compose_pushgateway_1 48c6c54bcd65 pingcap/pd:latest "/pd-server --name=p…" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 2380/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32768->2379/tcp tidb-docker-compose_pd2_1 0a5e8f002ee5 pingcap/tidb-vision:latest "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 80/tcp, 443/tcp, 2015/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8010->8010/tcp tidb-docker-compose_tidb-vision_1 04aaee643b04 grafana/grafana:6.0.1 "/run.sh" 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp tidb-docker-compose_grafana_1
$ docker
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
A self-sufficient runtime for containers
Options:
--config string Location of client config files (default "/Users/lcp0578/.docker")
-D, --debug Enable debug mode
-H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to
-l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/Users/lcp0578/.docker/ca.pem")
--tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/Users/lcp0578/.docker/cert.pem")
--tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/Users/lcp0578/.docker/key.pem")
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version Print version information and quit
Management Commands:
checkpoint Manage checkpoints
config Manage Docker configs
container Manage containers
image Manage images
network Manage networks
node Manage Swarm nodes
plugin Manage plugins
secret Manage Docker secrets
service Manage services
stack Manage Docker stacks
swarm Manage Swarm
system Manage Docker
trust Manage trust on Docker images
volume Manage volumes
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
deploy Deploy a new stack or update an existing stack
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects
kill Kill one or more running containers
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
login Log in to a Docker registry
logout Log out from a Docker registry
logs Fetch the logs of a container
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
search Search the Docker Hub for images
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
version Show the Docker version information
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.