os/linux/elf.rb in Homebrew brew before 4.2.20 uses ldd to load ELF files obtained from untrusted sources, which allows attackers to achieve code execution via an ELF file with a custom .interp section. NOTE: this code execution would occur during an un-sandboxed binary relocation phase, which occurs before a user would expect execution of downloaded package content. (237d1e783f7ee261beaba7d3f6bde22da7148b0a was the tested vulnerable version.)

References

• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42381
• Homebrew/brew#17136
• Homebrew/brew@916b373
• https://blog.trailofbits.com/2024/07/30/our-audit-of-homebrew
• https://brew.sh/2024/07/30/homebrew-security-audit
• https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/releases/tag/4.2.20
• https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tree/237d1e783f7ee261beaba7d3f6bde22da7148b0a
• https://github.com/trailofbits/publications/blob/master/reviews/2023-08-28-homebrew-securityreview.pdf