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PACKAGING.md

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General Debian Packaging Instructions for Packages using dh-virtualenv

We're using spotify's opensurce dh-virtualenv to provide debian packaging and deployment of our Python code inside a virtualenv.

dh-virtualenv is essentially a wrapper or a set of extensions around existing debian tooling. You can find the official page here.

Our goal is to use dh-virtualenv for accomplishing things like packaging, symlinks, installing configuration files, systemd service installation, and virtualization at deployment.

Getting Started

On your build host, install the build tools (these are only needed on your build host):

sudo apt-get install build-essential debhelper devscripts equivs python3-pip python3-all-dev python3-setuptools dh-virtualenv

Install Python depends:

python3 -m pip install mock

Update pip, setuptools, and install wheels:

python3 -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel

This is required, otherwise the tooling will fail when tries to evaluate which tests to run.

This will install build dependencies

sudo mk-build-deps -ri

Building our project

From the root directory of this repository run:

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -b

Note that -us -uc disables signing the package with GPG. So, if you want to build, test with lintian, sign with GPG:

debuild

If you are found favorable by the packaging gods, you should see some output files at ../wlanpi-app like this:

dpkg-deb: building package 'wlanpi-app-dbgsym' in '../wlanpi-app-dbgsym_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.deb'.
dpkg-deb: building package 'wlanpi-app' in '../wlanpi-app_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.deb'.
 dpkg-genbuildinfo --build=binary
 dpkg-genchanges --build=binary >../wlanpi-app_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.changes
dpkg-genchanges: info: binary-only upload (no source code included)
 dpkg-source --after-build .
dpkg-buildpackage: info: binary-only upload (no source included)
(venv) wlanpi@rbpi4b-8gb:[~/dev/wlanpi-app]: ls .. | grep wlanpi-app_
wlanpi-app_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.buildinfo
wlanpi-app_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.changes
wlanpi-app_0.0.1~rc1_arm64.deb

debchange

To update the version number of a newly updated package, the debchange (dch) utility should be used. See our dch document

lintian

There is a static analyzer we can use to check our debian package.

lintian
lintian -i
lintian -EviIL +pedantic

sudo apt remove vs sudo apt purge

If we remove our package, it will leave behind the config file in /etc:

sudo apt remove wlanpi-app

If we want to clean /etc we should purge:

sudo apt purge wlanpi-app

Debian Packaging Breakdown

  • changelog: Contains changelog information and sets the version of the package. date must be in RFC 5322 format.
  • control: provides dependencies, package name, and other package meta data. tols like apt uses these to build dependencies, etc.
  • copyright: copyright information for upstream source and packaging
  • compat: sets compatibility level for debhelper
  • rules: this is the build recipe for make. it does the work for creating our package. it is a makefile with targets to compile and install the application, then create the .deb file.
  • wlanpi-app.service: dh automatically picks up and installs this systemd service
  • wlanpi-app.triggers: tells dpkg what packages we're interested in

Maintainer Scripts

  • postinst - this runs after the install and handles setting up a few things. dh_installdeb will replace this with shell code automatically.
  • postrm - this runs and handles remove and purge args when uninstalling or purging the package. dh_installdeb will replace this with shell code automatically.

Installing dh-virtualenv from source

Some OS repositories have packages already.

sudo apt install dh-virtualenv

If not available, you can build it from source:

cd ~

# Install needed packages
sudo apt-get install devscripts python3-virtualenv python3-sphinx \
                     python3-sphinx-rtd-theme git equivs
# Clone git repository
git clone https://github.com/spotify/dh-virtualenv.git
# Change into working directory
cd dh-virtualenv
# This will install build dependencies
sudo mk-build-deps -ri
# Build the *dh-virtualenv* package
dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -b

# And finally, install it (you might have to solve some
# dependencies when doing this)
sudo dpkg -i ../dh-virtualenv_<version>.deb

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