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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,400,700" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/github.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/custom.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<title>LLM BG: Singing Accompaniment Generation with Encodec - AI Music Research</title>
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<header role="banner">
</header>
<main role="main">
<article itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
<h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline" align="center" ><b>LLM BG: Singing Accompaniment Generation with LLM & Encodec</b></h1>
<section itemprop="entry-text">
<div class="container pt-5 mt-5 shadow p-5 mb-5 bg-white rounded">
<div class="centered-link"><a href="https://songgen-ai.github.io/llm-bg-demo/">Paper</a> | <a href="https://github.com/SongGen-AI/LLM_BG">Code</a> </div>
<p align="center"><sup>1</sup>Trong-Hieu Nguyen Mau, <sup>1,2</sup>Quoc-Huy Trinh, <sup>1</sup>Truong-Tien Nguyen, <sup>1,3</sup>Minh-Van Nguyen, <sup>1</sup>Khoa Tran, <sup>1</sup>Thanh Do
<p align="center"><sup>1</sup>SongGen Team, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam<br><sup>2</sup>Aalto University, Espoo, Finland<br><sup>3</sup>Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark</p>
<h2 id="abstract" style="text-align:center;">Abstract</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Singing Accompaniment Generation (SAG) is a crucial task in song production, aiming to create accompaniment that harmonizes seamlessly with the vocal track. Recently, various studies have proposed unconditional generation models based on Transformers or Stable Diffusion, achieving promising results. However, these methods face challenges in real-world applications due to their lack of control. To address this issue, we propose LLM-BG, a Large Language Model based on QwenV2, capable of generating accompaniment conditioned on vocal audio input and prompt instructions. Through extensive experiments, we successfully generated 12-seconds accompaniment segments that harmonize with the vocal input and can be extended to full-song accompaniment for long vocal tracks, which is promising approach for the Singing Accompaniment Generation task.</p>
<figure>
<p align="center"><img src="Overview.png" width="95%" class="center"/></p>
<figcaption style="text-align: center;">
Overview of LLM-BG
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<div class="container pt-5 mt-5 shadow p-5 mb-5 bg-white rounded">
<h2 id="sample-1" style="text-align:center;">Comparing with SingSong</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
<table style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<thead>
<th></th>
<th>Sample 1</th>
<th>Sample 2</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width:120px">Prompt</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding:10px 20px;">motivational music, drumming, instrumental, energetic drums, drum fill, drum solo, fitness music, workout music</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding-bottom:10px 20px;">soft, instrumental, mellow, electric guitar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vocal Input</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-1/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-2/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-1/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-2/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-1/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-2/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-1/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-2/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-1/mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-2/mixed.wav" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-1/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-2/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-1/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-2/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto; margin-top:50px">
<table style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<thead>
<th></th>
<th>Sample 3</th>
<th>Sample 4</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width:120px">Prompt</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding:10px 20px;">female vocals, drumming rhythm, keyboard accompaniment, groovy, percussive bass line, dance rhythm, vocal harmony, medium tempo, percussion hits</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding-bottom:10px 20px;">instrumental, harmonica, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, slow tempo, acoustic drum, sentimental, advertisement jingle, beat-making</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vocal Input</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-3/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-4/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-3/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-4/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-3/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-4/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-3/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-4/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-3/mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-4/mixed.wav" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-3/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-4/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-3/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-4/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto; margin-top:50px">
<table style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<thead>
<th></th>
<th>Sample 5</th>
<th>Sample 6</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width:120px">Prompt</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding:10px 20px;">groovy, rock, electric guitar, hi hats, funky, bass guitar, passionate, kick, snare, male vocal</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding-bottom:10px 20px;">TV series, slow tempo, bass guitar, electric guitar, teenage drama, male vocalist, acoustic drum, piano, pop, opening theme, mellow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vocal Input</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-5/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-6/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-5/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-6/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-5/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-6/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-5/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-6/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-5/mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-6/mixed.wav" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-5/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-6/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-5/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-6/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto; margin-top:50px">
<table style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<thead>
<th></th>
<th>Sample 7</th>
<th>Sample 8</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width:120px">Prompt</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding:10px 20px;">heavy metal, male vocal, distorted electric guitar, bass guitar, acoustic drums, loud, aggressive, violent video game</td>
<td style="width:450px;padding-bottom:10px 20px;">heavy metal, screaming vocals, distorted electric guitar, bass guitar, metal drum beat, aggressive, violent, action video game soundtrack</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vocal Input</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-7/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-8/gt_vocal.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-7/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-8/gt_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ground Truth<br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-7/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-8/gt_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-7/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-8/accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SingSong</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-7/mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/singsong/sample-8/mixed.wav" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Accompaniment</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-7/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-8/repeat_0_accom.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LLM-BG</strong><br>Mixed</td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-7/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
<td><audio preload='metadata' controls><source src="samples/mp3/llm_bg/sample-8/repeat_0_mixed.mp3" type='audio/mpeg'/>Your browser does not support the audio element.</audio></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</article>
</main>
</div>
</body>
</html>