Diary6.txt

【2019-05-04】shell
[shell baisc]
#https://blog.csdn.net/Michaelwubo/article/details/81698307
1.num=10(delcare a var,note that space is not allowed on both = side.)
2.declare -r NUM=10(declare a const, note that space is not allowed on both = side.)
3.num=$((num+10)) ($((exp)) exp calcuation need two( and one $, you can put space between ().)
4.let num=num+10(or let num+=10) (another way to do math calcuation use keyword let.)
5.num=$((num++)) num=$((++num)) (self increment or self decrement.)
6.
a=10.5
b=3.3
c=$(python -c "print $a+$b")
echo $c
(use python to do float calcuation a hack way.)
7.
cat<<MSG
This is a short message.
MSG
(print a message to the console)
[function]
1.declare and use a function
getDate()
{
        date
        return
}
getDate
output: 2019年 05月 04日 星期六 16:36:00 CST
2.delcare local var
name=king
testfunc()
{
        local name=yang
        return
}
testfunc
echo $name
output: king
3.pass var into a function
sumfunc()
{
        local v1=$1
        local v2=$2
        local sum=$((v1+v2))
        echo $sum
}
sumfunc 10 20
sum=$(sumfunc 10 20)
echo sum of 10 and 20 is $sum
output:
30
sum of 10 and 20 is 30
(first 30 produced by direct call, the second one collect the res into sum then use echo to output it)
[condition]
# https://www.cnblogs.com/wangcp-2014/p/6704375.html
1.receive input
read -p "what is your name " name
echo $name
2.condition branch
read -p "what is your age " age
echo your age is $age
if [ $age -eq 18 ]
then
	echo you are just adult
elif [ $age -lt 18 ]
then
        echo you are not adult
else
        echo you are more than adult
fi
(note that 'then' can't be right after ']' unless you put a ';' after that ']'
and space must be contained between '[' and ']' also
'fi' must occur to indicate close of the condition branch)

another approch:
if [ $age -eq 18 ]; then echo you are just adult
elif [ $age -lt 18 ]; then echo you are not adult
else echo you are more than adult

you can put two '(' to a compartion with using '$' and '['
third approch:
if ((age == 18)); then echo you are just adult
elif ((age < 18)); then echo you are not adult
else echo you are more than adult
fi

one more example:
if (( (($age%2)) == 0 )); then echo your age is even
#if [ $(($age%2)) -eq 0 ]; then echo your age is even
else echo your age is odd
fi

string compare example:
str1=hello
str2=world

if [ $str1 = $str2 ]; then echo str1==str2
elif [[ $str1 < $str2 ]]; then echo str1\<str2
else echo str1\>str2
fi

output: str1<str2

note that if((exp)) is not useful for string compare
also for string compare '=' MUST be used, don't use '=='
if you use '<' or '>' for string double '[' --> '[[' is needed otherwise use '\<'
and string compare must use '=', '>', '<', -eq -nq... is not allowed

【2019-05-06】【1】XCode 共享文件夹
打开XCode工程 Info
添加一项 Application supports iTunes file sharing = TRUE
【2019-05-06】【2】Mac finder 显示全路径
打开终端输入: defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool TRUE;killall Finder

【2019-05-12】【1】shell
1.regular expression compare
example:
read -p 'input a phone number: ' phone
phone_format='^[1-9][0-9]{10}$'
if [[ $phone =~ $phone_format ]]; then echo phone number is vaild
fi
input a phone number: 1234567891
output: phone number is vaild

2.IFS
IFS The Internal Field Separator that is used for word splitting after expansion and to split lines into words with the read builtin command.
The default value is space,tab,newline

example:
function test()
{
        echo '\$* is '$*''
        for arg in $*
        do
                echo $arg
        done
}
args="this is a test message"
echo split paramters by space,tab,line
test $args
IFS=","
echo split paramters by ,
test $args
args="this,is,a,test,message"
test $args

output:
split paramters by space,tab,line
\$* is this is a test message
this
is
a
test
message
split paramters by ,
\$* is this is a test message
this is a test message
\$* is this is a test message
this
is
a
test
message

3.replacement for variable
replace string in var by using ${var// /}

[:alnum:]  Alphanumeric characters.
[:alpha:]  Alphabetic characters.
[:blank:]  Space or tab characters.
[:cntrl:]  Control characters.
[:digit:]  Numeric characters.
[:graph:]  Characters that are both printable and visible.  (A space is printable, but not visible, while an a is both.)
[:lower:]  Lower-case alphabetic characters.
[:print:]  Printable characters (characters that are not control  characters.)
[:punct:]  Punctuation characters (characters that are not letter, digits, control characters, or space characters).
[:space:]  Space characters (such as space, tab, and formfeed, to  name a few).
[:upper:]  Upper-case alphabetic characters.
[:digit:] Characters that are hexadecimal digits.

example:
args="this is a test message"
args=${args//t/T}
echo $args
#args=${args// /}
args=${args//[[:space:]]/}
echo $args

output:
This is a TesT message
ThisisaTesTmessage

【2019-05-12】【2】shell parameter expansion
1.if the variable is not declared use newvalue instead
${var-newvalue}
2.if the variable is not declared or the the vaule of variable is empty, use newvalue instead
${var:-newvalue}
3.if the variable is not declared use newvalue instead, also assign the value into variable
${var=newvalue}
4.if the variable is not declared or the the vaule of variable is empty, use newvalue instead
, also assign the value into variable
${var:=newvalue}

example:
name=
#if the variable of name is not declared use king instead
echo 'echo '${name-"king"}
#if the variable of name is not declared or the vaule of variable the is empty, use king instead
echo 'echo '${name:-"king"}
echo vaule of name is $name

echo '--------------------'
#if the variable of name2 is not declared use king instead also assign to name2
echo 'echo '${name2="king"}
echo vaule of name2 is $name2

echo '--------------------'
name3=
#if the variable of name3 is not declared or the the vaule of variable is emtpy, use king instead, also assign to name3
echo 'echo '${name3:="king"}
echo vaule of name3 is $name3

output:
echo 
echo king
vaule of name is
--------------------
echo king
vaule of name2 is king
--------------------
echo king
vaule of name3 is king

【2019-05-12】【3】shell case
case $var in
# value could be a regular expression
value)
	#do something if var is value
	:;;
value2)
	#do something if var is value2
	:;;
*)
	#fallback. do something for fallback case
	:;;
esac

example:
read -p "input your age: " age
case $age in
[0-4])
	echo "age is between 0 to 4";;
5)
	echo "age is 5";;
[6-9]|1[0-2])
	echo "age is between 6 to 12";;
#fallback
*)
	echo "you age is above 12";;
esac

read -p "do you want to goto work? yes or no: " work
case $work in
yes)
	echo "wow. you really want to goto work";;
no)
	echo "yeah. i don't want to goto work either";;
*)
	echo "your answer is not either yes or no";;
esac

input:25
output:you age is above 12

input:no
output:yeah. i don't want to goto work either

【2019-05-12】【4】ternary operator
(( exp ? (assigment for true) : (assigment for false) ))

example:
read -p "input your age: " age
(( age >= 18 ? (work=1) : (work=0) ))
if ((work)); then
        echo you can you to work now
else
        echo you can not go work. great
fi

input:25
output:you can you to work now

【2019-05-14】python metacalss
# https://www.cnblogs.com/iamswf/p/4713749.html
你可以在实现一个类的时候为其添加__metaclass__属性
这是该类的元类 类默认的元类是type
元类就是创建类对象的类 可以把元类看做"类工厂"
创建类对象时候python会在内存中通过__metaclass__创建类对象
如果python没有找到__metaclass__ 它会继续在父类中寻找__metaclass__ 以此类推
如果还是找不到__metaclass__ python就会用内置的type元类来创建这个类对象
例:
class MetaTest(type):
	def __new__(mcs, name, bases, dict):
		print "name: ", name
		print "bases: ", bases
		print "dict: ", dict

		TEST_PROP = dict.get('TEST_PROP', '')
		dict["TEST_PROP"] = "MODIFY TEST PROP"

		return super(MetaTest, mcs).__new__(mcs, name, bases, dict)

class TestClass(object):
	__metaclass__ = MetaTest
	TEST_PROP = "TEST PROP"

if __name__ == '__main__':
	t = TestClass()
	print t.TEST_PROP
输出:
name:  TestClass
bases:  (<type 'object'>,)
dict:  {'__module__': '__main__', '__metaclass__': <class '__main__.MetaTest'>, 'TEST_PROP': 'TEST PROP'}
MODIFY TEST PROP

【2019-05-17】【1】使用vnc远程连接mac
1.mac里在
用户偏好设置
	共享->打开
		屏幕共享
		文件共享
		远程登陆
2.安装VNC-Viewer
3.在VNC-Viewer登陆里输入ip登陆
【2019-05-17】【2】iOS开发证书
https://www.jianshu.com/p/f582683ef7a2
https://www.jianshu.com/p/194f581e0699
https://www.cnblogs.com/huangzizhu/p/4137571.html
https://blog.csdn.net/bolted_snail/article/details/80764572
1.bundle ID(APP ID)
是每一个ios应用的全球唯一标识
无论代码怎么改 图标和应用名称怎么换 只要bundle id没变 ios系统就认为这是同一个应用
bundle id分为两种 Explicit App ID 与 Wildcard App ID(使用这种id的应用不能使用通知功能)
2.iOS Certificates(证书)
它的作用就是证明你的mac具有开发或发布某个开发者账号下应用的权限
3.iOS Provisioning Profiles(描述文件)
描述文件它用来标识某个设备是否具有安装某个应用的权限
(简单来说就是应用和证书的关系 尤其注意证书和描述文件的过期日期 一旦过期应用就没法使用了)
【2019-05-17】【3】iOS 命令行重签
1.老的archive方式 不支持增量编译
xcodebuild archive \
-project *.xcodeproj \
-scheme Game \
-configuration $CONFIGURE \
-archivePath $ARCHIVE_PATH \
CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY='iPhone Developer' PROVISIONING_PROFILE='Automatic'

xcodebuild -exportArchive \
-archivePath $ARCHIVE_PATH \
-exportPath $PRODUCT_PATH \
-exportOptionsPlist ExportOptions.plist
原料文件ExportOptions.plist可以从通过GUI archive生成后的目标文件夹里找到
2.新的build方式 支持增量编译
# embedded.mobileprovision 从苹果开发者页面下载
# 从embedded.mobileprovision提取出Entitlements.plist保持embedded.mobileprovision
# 的Entitlements字段与Entitlements.plist一致
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -x -c "print :Entitlements " /dev/stdin <<< $(security cms -D -i embedded.mobileprovision) > Entitlements.plist
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Set :get-task-allow true" Entitlements.plist
# 拷贝Info.plist 设置CFBundleIdentifier保证bundleID与embedded.mobileprovision一致
TEMP_INFO_PLIST=Info.plist.tmp
cp Info.plist $TEMP_INFO_PLIST
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Set :CFBundleIdentifier $BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER" $TEMP_INFO_PLIST
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :CFBundleIdentifier" $TEMP_INFO_PLIST
# 编译工程
xcodebuild -project *.xcodeproj -scheme $SCHEME -configuration $CONFIGURE
# 签名
codesign --force --sign "$DEVELOPER" --identifier $BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER --entitlements Entitlements.plist --timestamp=none $GAMEAPP_PATH

【2019-05-18】【1】 shell IFS 作用 echo
echo 分割后参数传给echo后以一整行输出
shell执行命令过程
1.替换变量
2.按照IFS参数划分命令参数(若参数以''或者""包围则当作一个参数)
3.执行命令

example:
string="   This   is   a   test   string   "

echo "string:$string"

echo "before repalcing IFS"

# 没有使用""包括变量 IFS作用string头尾空格与单词之间多余空格被干掉
echo 'echo $string:'
echo $string

# 使用""包括变量 IFS没有作用
echo 'echo "$string:"'
echo "$string"

echo "after replacing IFS"
IFS=''

# 没有使用""包括变量 由于IFS为空
# string头尾空格与单词之间多余空格被保留
echo 'echo $string:'
echo $string

# 使用""包括变量 IFS没有作用
echo 'echo "$string:"'
echo "$string"

output:
string:   This   is   a   test   string
before repalcing IFS
echo $string:
This is a test string
echo "$string:"
   This   is   a   test   string
after replacing IFS
echo $string:
   This   is   a   test   string
echo "$string:"
   This   is   a   test   string

another example:
data="This,is,a,test"
echo $data
IFS=','
echo $data

output:
This,is,a,test
This is a test

【2019-05-18】【2】shell parameter expansion trick for string
1.get the of len fo a string
${#string}
2.splice the string
${string:$beg}
${string:$beg:$end}
3.get the after part of the substring in a string
${string#$substring}

exmaple:
string="This is a test string"
# get len of the string
echo "len of string is: ${#string}"
# get string from 5 to end
echo "${string:5}"
# get string from 0 to 4(not included)
echo "${string:0:4}"
# get string at the begin of string "a "
echo "${string#*"a "}"

output:
len of string is: 21
is a test string
This
test string

【2019-05-18】【3】shell looping
1.while loop
while [ condition ]; do
	#continue
	#break
done

example:
echo "use while condition"
# 1. while condition loop
# while [ $loopnum -lt $loopcount ]; do
while ((loopnum < loopcount)); do
	echo "current loopnum is $loopnum"
	# if (( $(($loopnum % 2)) == 0 )); then
	# if (( (($loopnum % 2)) == 0 )); then
	if (( ((loopnum % 2)) == 0 )); then
		# loopnum=$(($loopnum + 1))
		loopnum=$((loopnum + 1))
		continue
	fi
	# if (($loopnum == 5)); then
	if ((loopnum == 5)); then
		echo "Is five !!!"
		break
	fi
	loopnum=$((loopnum + 1))
done

ouput:
use while condition
current loopnum is 0
current loopnum is 1
current loopnum is 2
current loopnum is 3
current loopnum is 4
current loopnum is 5
Is five !!!

2.until loop
until [ condition ]; do
	#continue
	#break
done

example:
until ((loopnum >= loopcount)); do
	echo "current loopnum is $loopnum"
	if (( ((loopnum % 2)) == 0 )); then
		loopnum=$((loopnum + 1))
		continue
	fi
	if ((loopnum == 3)); then
		echo "Is Three` !!!"
		break
	fi
	loopnum=$((loopnum + 1))
done

output:
use until condition
current loopnum is 0
current loopnum is 1
current loopnum is 2
current loopnum is 3
Is Three !!!

【2019-05-18】【4】pipe doesn't work on read
read只支持命令行参数不支持管道(标准输入输出)
example:
echo 'cat testfile.txt'
cat testfile.txt

echo 'testfile.txt | wc'
cat testfile.txt | wc

echo "use pipe:"
echo 'cat testfile.txt | read content'
cat testfile.txt | read content

echo 'echo $content'
echo "$content"

echo "use redirection:"
echo 'content < testfile.txt'
read content < testfile.txt

echo 'echo $content'
echo "$content"
output:
cat testfile.txt
this is a test
testfile.txt | wc
      1       4      15
use pipe:
cat testfile.txt | read content
echo $content

use redirection:
content < testfile.txt
echo $content
this is a test

【2019-05-18】【5】shell xargs
# https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-xargs.html
# https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000002962353/a-1020000002963602
有些命令如ls rm仅支持命令行参数 不支持标准输入
xargs可以将管道或标准输入(stdin)数据转换成命令行参数
example:
echo "testfile.txt" | xargs ls -la
cp testfile.txt testfile.txt.bak
echo "testfile.txt" | xargs rm -v
cp testfile.txt.bak testfile.txt

output:
-rw-r--r-- 1 king king 9 5月  18 22:36 testfile.txt
已删除'testfile.txt'

【2019-05-19】【1】shell 重定向
# https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-shell-io-redirections.html
1.>(重定向程序输出到文件 覆盖原有内容)

example:
echo "this is a test message" | cat > testfile
# redirection
cat testfile > output.txt
cat output.txt
output:
this is a test message

2.>>(重定向程序输出到文件 追加原有内容)

example:
echo "this is a test message" | cat > testfile
# redirection
cat testfile > output.txt
cat testfile >> output.txt
cat output.txt
output:
this is a test message
this is a test message

3.<(以文件内容作为程序的标准输入)

example:
echo "this is a test message" | cat > testfile
cat < testfile
output:
this is a test message

4.<<tag(将开始标记 tag 和结束标记 tag 之间的内容作为程序的标准输入)

example:
cat << MSG
this is a test message
MSG
output:
this is a test message

5.<<<input(以input作为程序的标准输入)
example:
cat <<< "this is a test message"
output:
this is a test message

【2019-05-19】【2】shell 高级重定向
# https://www.cnblogs.com/caolisong/archive/2007/04/25/726896.html
一般情况下 每个 Unix/Linux 命令运行时都会打开三个文件：
标准输入文件(stdin):stdin的文件描述符为0 Unix程序默认从stdin读取数据
标准输出文件(stdout):stdout 的文件描述符为1 Unix程序默认向stdout输出数据
标准错误文件(stderr):stderr的文件描述符为2 Unix程序会向stderr流中写入错误信息
默认情况下, command > file 将 stdout 重定向到 file, command < file 将stdin 重定向到 file

如果希望 stderr 重定向到 file 可以这样写
command > file 2>&1

exmaple:
echo 'wc testfile > output.txt'
wc testfile > output.txt
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt
echo

echo 'wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt'
wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt
echo

echo 'wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt'
wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt
echo

echo 'wc testfile nonexistfile &> output.txt'
wc testfile nonexistfile &> output.txt
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt
echo

echo 'wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt 2>&1'
wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt 2>&1
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt
echo

echo 'wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt 1>&2'
wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt 1>&2
echo 'cat output.txt'
cat output.txt

output:
wc testfile > output.txt
cat output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile

wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt
wc: nonexistfile: 没有那个文件或目录
cat output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile
 1  5 23 总用量

wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile
 1  5 23 总用量
cat output.txt
wc: nonexistfile: 没有那个文件或目录

wc testfile nonexistfile &> output.txt
cat output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile
wc: nonexistfile: 没有那个文件或目录
 1  5 23 总用量

wc testfile nonexistfile > output.txt 2>&1
cat output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile
wc: nonexistfile: 没有那个文件或目录
 1  5 23 总用量

wc testfile nonexistfile 2> output.txt 1>&2
cat output.txt
 1  5 23 testfile
wc: nonexistfile: 没有那个文件或目录
 1  5 23 总用量
 
【2019-05-21】pyqt 信号
# https://www.linuxzen.com/pyqt4-xin-hao-he-cao-xiang-jie.html
# https://www.imooc.com/article/23738?block_id=tuijian_wz
pyqt支持多种声明信号的方式

1.在QObject类中定义QtCore.pyqtSignal类, 构造参数为其信号传递参数
然后调用QtCore.pyqtSignal.connect连接信号和槽,QtCore.pyqtSignal.emit发射信号
参数为信号传递参数

2.直接用QtCore.QObject.connect方法连接信号槽,在连接中定义信号形式
self.emit发射信号与信号参数

QtCore.QObject.connect(self, QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_signal()'), self.slot)
self.emit(QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_signal()'))

3.对于qt对象自带的内置信号,直接调用 self.'信号名'.connect 连接信号槽
例:
class TestWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
	# 1. define new style signal, signal object MUST be in the class
	str_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(QtCore.QString)
	int_signel = QtCore.pyqtSignal(int)

	def __init__(self, app):
		QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self)

		# 1. new style signal connection
		self.str_signal.connect(self.strslot)
		self.int_signel.connect(self.intslot)

		# 1. new style signal emit
		self.str_signal.emit("test new style signal msg")
		self.int_signel.emit(100)

		# 2. old style signal connection
		QtCore.QObject.connect(self, QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_str_signal(QString)'), self.strslot)
		QtCore.QObject.connect(self, QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_int_signal(int)'), self.intslot)		

		# 2. old style signal emit
		self.emit(QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_str_signal(QString)'), QtCore.QString("test old style signal msg"))		
		self.emit(QtCore.SIGNAL('oldstyle_int_signal(int)'), -100)

		# 3. yet another style signal emit
		self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton("TestBtn", self)
		self.connect(self.btn, QtCore.SIGNAL("clicked()"), self.testSlot)

	@pyqtSlot()
	def testSlot(self):
		print "test slot called"

	@pyqtSlot(QtCore.QString)
	def strslot(self, msg):
		print "strslot:", msg

	@pyqtSlot(int)
	def intslot(self, val):
		print "intslot:", val

class TestApp(QtGui.QApplication):
	def __init__(self, arg):
		super(TestApp, self).__init__(arg)

	def init(self):
		self.main_window = TestWindow(self)
		self.main_window.show()

APP = TestApp(sys.argv)
def main():
	APP.init()
	sys.exit(APP.exec_())
输出:
strslot: test new style signal msg
intslot: 100
strslot: test old style signal msg
intslot: -100
test slot called (after you click the TestBtn)