This GitHub repository summarizes the progress made in the ASIC class for the riscv_project.
The project's goal is to design an automatic sanitizer dispenser utilizing a specialized RISCV processor for bottle refill alerts and touch-free sanitizer distribution, with the objective of minimizing the machine's footprint, energy consumption, and overall expenses.
An infrared sensor is employed to detect the presence of a hand. Upon hand detection, the solenoid valve is activated. The sanitizer is directed through the flow sensor via the open solenoid valve, allowing the flow sensor to calculate the quantity of sanitizer dispensed. The system is configured to accommodate a sanitizer bottle with a capacity of half a liter. Upon detecting the dispensing of half a liter, the flow sensor triggers a buzzer, signaling the need for a sanitizer bottle refill.
This is not the depiction of the final circuit.
/*
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
*/
int main()
{
//int printer,printer1;
// Variable Declaration
int ir_sen_ip_reg;
int mask1 = 0xFFFFFFE3;
int mask2 = 0xFFFFFFFB;
int ir_sen_ip;//=1;//=1;
int solenoid_valve_op=0; //= 1;
int led_op = 0;
int buzzer = 0;
int counter_h = 0;
int counter_l = 0;
int reset_button = 0;
int water_used=0;
int solenoid_reg, led_reg, buzzer_reg;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
/*
asm volatile(
"addi x30, x30, 1\n\t"
:
:
:"x30"
);
*/
// Intialize the registers
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %0\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %2\n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(led_reg),"r"(buzzer_reg),"r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
// Actual Program execution brgins here
while(1){
//reset = digital_read(0);
//Read Reset button input
asm volatile(
"andi %0, x30, 1\n\t"
:"=r"(reset_button)
:
:"x30"
);
/*
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(printer)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Printer = %d\n",printer);
//printf("Inside while 1\n");
//printf("Reset Button_val=%d\n",reset_button);
*/
if(reset_button)
{
// printf("reset_cond\n");
//break;
solenoid_valve_op = 0;
led_op = 0;
buzzer = 0;
counter_h = 0;
counter_l = 0;
water_used = 0;
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
//digital_write(5,led_op);
//digital_write(6,buzzer);
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
"or x30, x30,%1 \n\t"
"or x30, x30,%2 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(led_reg),"r"(buzzer_reg),"r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
/*
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(printer1)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Printer1 = %d\n",printer1);
*/
}
else
{
/*
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(printer1)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Printer1 = %d\n",printer1);
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
//break;
//if(!led_op)
// {printf("Hi"); break;}
*/
if(!led_op && !buzzer && !reset_button){
//read();
/*
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(printer)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Printer = %d\n",printer);
// = 2;
//ir_sen_ip = digital_read(1);
*/
asm volatile(
"andi %0, x30, 2\n\t"
:"=r"(ir_sen_ip_reg)
:
:"x30"
);
ir_sen_ip = ir_sen_ip_reg>>1;
// printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
// break;
if(ir_sen_ip)
{
// printf("got ir_sens\n");
solenoid_valve_op = 1;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(mask2)
:"x30"
);
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
counter_h++;
//bottle_status();
int time = counter_h + counter_l;
int freq = 0;
int dividend = 100, divisor = time;
while (dividend >= divisor) {
dividend -= divisor;
freq++;
}
int water = freq;
int ls = water * 17;
//int led_reg;
//int buzzer_reg;
water_used = water_used+ls;
if(ls>102)
{
//printf("Inside ls if\n");
// break;
led_op = 1;
buzzer = 1;
solenoid_valve_op=0;
// break;
//digital_write(5,led_op);
//digital_write(6,buzzer);
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %0\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %2 \n\t"
:
:"r"(led_reg), "r"(buzzer_reg), "r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
}
}
else {
//printf("ir_sens not_recieved\n");
solenoid_valve_op = 0;
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(mask2)
:"x30"
);
counter_l++;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
Compile the c program using RISCV-V GNU Toolchain and dump the assembly code into water_level_assembly.txt using the below commands.
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -march=rv32i -mabi=ilp32 -ffreestanding -nostdlib -o ./output.o san_disp.c
riscv64-unknown-elf-objdump -d -r output.o > assembly.txt
output_new.o: file format elf32-littleriscv
Disassembly of section .text:
00010054 <main>:
10054: fa010113 addi sp,sp,-96
10058: 04812e23 sw s0,92(sp)
1005c: 06010413 addi s0,sp,96
10060: fc042823 sw zero,-48(s0)
10064: fe042623 sw zero,-20(s0)
10068: fe042423 sw zero,-24(s0)
1006c: fe042223 sw zero,-28(s0)
10070: fe042023 sw zero,-32(s0)
10074: fc042623 sw zero,-52(s0)
10078: fc042e23 sw zero,-36(s0)
1007c: fd042783 lw a5,-48(s0)
10080: 00279793 slli a5,a5,0x2
10084: fcf42423 sw a5,-56(s0)
10088: fec42783 lw a5,-20(s0)
1008c: 00379793 slli a5,a5,0x3
10090: fcf42223 sw a5,-60(s0)
10094: fe842783 lw a5,-24(s0)
10098: 00479793 slli a5,a5,0x4
1009c: fcf42023 sw a5,-64(s0)
100a0: fc842783 lw a5,-56(s0)
100a4: fc442703 lw a4,-60(s0)
100a8: fc042683 lw a3,-64(s0)
100ac: fe3f7f13 andi t5,t5,-29
100b0: 00ff6f33 or t5,t5,a5
100b4: 00ef6f33 or t5,t5,a4
100b8: 00df6f33 or t5,t5,a3
100bc: 001f7793 andi a5,t5,1
100c0: fcf42623 sw a5,-52(s0)
100c4: fcc42783 lw a5,-52(s0)
100c8: 06078063 beqz a5,10128 <main+0xd4>
100cc: fc042823 sw zero,-48(s0)
100d0: fe042623 sw zero,-20(s0)
100d4: fe042423 sw zero,-24(s0)
100d8: fe042223 sw zero,-28(s0)
100dc: fe042023 sw zero,-32(s0)
100e0: fc042e23 sw zero,-36(s0)
100e4: fd042783 lw a5,-48(s0)
100e8: 00279793 slli a5,a5,0x2
100ec: fcf42423 sw a5,-56(s0)
100f0: fec42783 lw a5,-20(s0)
100f4: 00379793 slli a5,a5,0x3
100f8: fcf42223 sw a5,-60(s0)
100fc: fe842783 lw a5,-24(s0)
10100: 00479793 slli a5,a5,0x4
10104: fcf42023 sw a5,-64(s0)
10108: fc842783 lw a5,-56(s0)
1010c: fc442703 lw a4,-60(s0)
10110: fc042683 lw a3,-64(s0)
10114: fe3f7f13 andi t5,t5,-29
10118: 00ff6f33 or t5,t5,a5
1011c: 00ef6f33 or t5,t5,a4
10120: 00df6f33 or t5,t5,a3
10124: f99ff06f j 100bc <main+0x68>
10128: fec42783 lw a5,-20(s0)
1012c: f80798e3 bnez a5,100bc <main+0x68>
10130: fe842783 lw a5,-24(s0)
10134: f80794e3 bnez a5,100bc <main+0x68>
10138: fcc42783 lw a5,-52(s0)
1013c: f80790e3 bnez a5,100bc <main+0x68>
10140: 002f7793 andi a5,t5,2
10144: faf42e23 sw a5,-68(s0)
10148: fbc42783 lw a5,-68(s0)
1014c: 4017d793 srai a5,a5,0x1
10150: faf42c23 sw a5,-72(s0)
10154: fb842783 lw a5,-72(s0)
10158: 10078863 beqz a5,10268 <main+0x214>
1015c: 00100793 li a5,1
10160: fcf42823 sw a5,-48(s0)
10164: fd042783 lw a5,-48(s0)
10168: 00279793 slli a5,a5,0x2
1016c: fcf42423 sw a5,-56(s0)
10170: fc842783 lw a5,-56(s0)
10174: ffbf7f13 andi t5,t5,-5
10178: 00ff6f33 or t5,t5,a5
1017c: fe442783 lw a5,-28(s0)
10180: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1
10184: fef42223 sw a5,-28(s0)
10188: fe442703 lw a4,-28(s0)
1018c: fe042783 lw a5,-32(s0)
10190: 00f707b3 add a5,a4,a5
10194: faf42a23 sw a5,-76(s0)
10198: fc042c23 sw zero,-40(s0)
1019c: 06400793 li a5,100
101a0: fcf42a23 sw a5,-44(s0)
101a4: fb442783 lw a5,-76(s0)
101a8: faf42823 sw a5,-80(s0)
101ac: 0200006f j 101cc <main+0x178>
101b0: fd442703 lw a4,-44(s0)
101b4: fb042783 lw a5,-80(s0)
101b8: 40f707b3 sub a5,a4,a5
101bc: fcf42a23 sw a5,-44(s0)
101c0: fd842783 lw a5,-40(s0)
101c4: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1
101c8: fcf42c23 sw a5,-40(s0)
101cc: fd442703 lw a4,-44(s0)
101d0: fb042783 lw a5,-80(s0)
101d4: fcf75ee3 bge a4,a5,101b0 <main+0x15c>
101d8: fd842783 lw a5,-40(s0)
101dc: faf42623 sw a5,-84(s0)
101e0: fac42703 lw a4,-84(s0)
101e4: 00070793 mv a5,a4
101e8: 00479793 slli a5,a5,0x4
101ec: 00e787b3 add a5,a5,a4
101f0: faf42423 sw a5,-88(s0)
101f4: fdc42703 lw a4,-36(s0)
101f8: fa842783 lw a5,-88(s0)
101fc: 00f707b3 add a5,a4,a5
10200: fcf42e23 sw a5,-36(s0)
10204: fa842703 lw a4,-88(s0)
10208: 06600793 li a5,102
1020c: eae7d8e3 bge a5,a4,100bc <main+0x68>
10210: 00100793 li a5,1
10214: fef42623 sw a5,-20(s0)
10218: 00100793 li a5,1
1021c: fef42423 sw a5,-24(s0)
10220: fc042823 sw zero,-48(s0)
10224: fec42783 lw a5,-20(s0)
10228: 00379793 slli a5,a5,0x3
1022c: fcf42223 sw a5,-60(s0)
10230: fe842783 lw a5,-24(s0)
10234: 00479793 slli a5,a5,0x4
10238: fcf42023 sw a5,-64(s0)
1023c: fd042783 lw a5,-48(s0)
10240: 00279793 slli a5,a5,0x2
10244: fcf42423 sw a5,-56(s0)
10248: fc442783 lw a5,-60(s0)
1024c: fc042703 lw a4,-64(s0)
10250: fc842683 lw a3,-56(s0)
10254: fe3f7f13 andi t5,t5,-29
10258: 00ff6f33 or t5,t5,a5
1025c: 00ef6f33 or t5,t5,a4
10260: 00df6f33 or t5,t5,a3
10264: e59ff06f j 100bc <main+0x68>
10268: fc042823 sw zero,-48(s0)
1026c: fd042783 lw a5,-48(s0)
10270: 00279793 slli a5,a5,0x2
10274: fcf42423 sw a5,-56(s0)
10278: fc842783 lw a5,-56(s0)
1027c: ffbf7f13 andi t5,t5,-5
10280: 00ff6f33 or t5,t5,a5
10284: fe042783 lw a5,-32(s0)
10288: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1
1028c: fef42023 sw a5,-32(s0)
10290: e2dff06f j 100bc <main+0x68>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int x30_value;
int mask1 = 0xFFFFFFE3;
int mask2 = 0xFFFFFFFB;
// Variable Declaration
int ir_sen_ip_reg;
int ir_sen_ip;//=1;//=1;
int solenoid_valve_op=0; //= 1;
int led_op = 0;
int buzzer = 0;
int counter_h = 0;
int counter_l = 0;
int reset_button = 0;
int water_used=0;
int solenoid_reg, led_reg, buzzer_reg;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
asm volatile(
"addi x30, x30, 0\n\t"
:
:
:"x30"
);
// Intialize the registers
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %0\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %2\n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(led_reg),"r"(buzzer_reg),"r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(x30_value)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Input are reset explicitly \n");
printf("Status of x30 register = %d\n", x30_value);
// Actual Program execution brgins here
while(1){
//reset = digital_read(0);
//Read Reset button input
asm volatile(
"andi %0, x30, 1\n\t"
:"=r"(reset_button)
:
:"x30"
);
//printf("Inside while 1\n");
//printf("Reset Button_val=%d\n",reset_button);
if(reset_button)
{
printf("Reset Condition\n");
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(x30_value)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("Status of x30 register = %d\n",x30_value);
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
break;
solenoid_valve_op = 0;
led_op = 0;
buzzer = 0;
counter_h = 0;
counter_l = 0;
water_used = 0;
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
//digital_write(5,led_op);
//digital_write(6,buzzer);
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
"or x30, x30,%1 \n\t"
"or x30, x30,%2 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(led_reg),"r"(buzzer_reg),"r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
}
else
{
if(!led_op && !buzzer && !reset_button){
//read();
//ir_sen_ip = digital_read(1);
asm volatile(
"andi %0, x30, 2\n\t"
:"=r"(ir_sen_ip_reg)
:
:"x30"
);
ir_sen_ip = ir_sen_ip_reg>>1;
if(ir_sen_ip)
{
printf("Output Status\n");
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
solenoid_valve_op = 1;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg),"r"(mask2)
:"x30"
);
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(x30_value)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("x30 register status = %d\n",x30_value);
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
counter_h++;
int time = counter_h + counter_l;
int freq = 0;
int dividend = 100, divisor = time;
while (dividend >= divisor) {
dividend -= divisor;
freq++;
}
int water = freq;
int ls = water * 17;
//int led_reg;
//int buzzer_reg;
water_used = water_used+ls;
if(ls>102)
{
printf("Bottle is empty\n");
led_op = 1;
buzzer = 1;
solenoid_valve_op=0;
led_reg = led_op*8;
buzzer_reg = buzzer*16;
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %3\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %0\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30, %2 \n\t"
:
:"r"(led_reg), "r"(buzzer_reg), "r"(solenoid_reg), "r"(mask1)
:"x30"
);
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(x30_value)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("x30 regiter value = %d\n",x30_value);
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
break;
}
}
else {
solenoid_valve_op = 0;
//digital_write(4,solenoid_valve_op);
solenoid_reg = solenoid_valve_op*4;
asm volatile(
"and x30, x30, %1\n\t"
"or x30, x30,%0 \n\t"
:
:"r"(solenoid_reg), "r"(mask2)
:"x30"
);
counter_l++;
asm volatile(
"addi %0, x30, 0\n\t"
:"=r"(x30_value)
:
:"x30"
);
printf("IR Sensor Input is not received\n");
printf("x30 regiter value = %d\n",x30_value);
printf("Led_val = %d, Buzzer_val = %d, Reset_button = %d, IR_sensp = %d, solenoid_valve_op=%d\n",led_op,buzzer,reset_button,ir_sen_ip,solenoid_valve_op);
break;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
-
When the IR Sensor input is set to 1, then the solenoid valve is opened until the bottle is empty. When the bottle is empty, then irrespective of the ir sensor value, the led and buzzer becomes high and the solenoid valve is closed. The status of the x30 register for the above case is simulated and shown below:
-
When the input is explicitly set to zero i.,e reset button is pressed all the outputs; led, buzzer and solenoid_Valve is set to zero which is shown below:
-
When the input ir sensor signal is not received then all the output are zero which is shown below:
As explained in spike simulation, functional simulation is done in GTKWave and it's output waveform is shown below:
The instruction 00ff6f33 corresponds to or t5,t5,a5. The previous value of t5 is 0 which is ored with value of a5 to assert the output.
The instruction fe3f7f13 corresponds to andi t5,t5,-29 which clears the output bits t5 register i.e, x30 to change the value of the output. The next three instructions 00ff6f33, 00ef6f33 and 00df6f33 corresponds to or t5,t5,a5, or t5,t5,a4, or t5,t5,a3 which or's the new output value to output bits of x30 register.
- addi sp,sp,-96
Stack pointer is $signal$45 register
the default value of the stack pointer is ff and it is getting decrease by 96 which is 9F
- slli a5,a5,0x2
-
andi t5,t5,-29
-
or t5,t5,a5
t5 is a temporary register corresponding to x30 register. In the core, it is $signal.
- beqz a5,10128 <main+0xd4>
Number of different instructions: 17
List of unique instructions:
bnez
or
srai
add
beqz
andi
sw
bge
bne
slli
sub
mv
j
lui
addi
li
lw
GLS is generating the simulation output by running test bench with netlist file generated from synthesis as design under test. Netlist is logically same as RTL code, therefore, same test bench can be used for it.We perform this to verify logical correctness of the design after synthesizing it. Also ensuring the timing of the design is met. Folllowing are the commands to we need to convert Rtl code to netlist in yosys for that commands are :
For simulation purpose in the processor assert the writing_inst_done = 1;
read_liberty -lib sky130_fd_sc_hd__tt_025C_1v80_256.lib
read_verilog processor_gls.v # Change to processor_asic
synth -top wrapper
dfflibmap -liberty sky130_fd_sc_hd__tt_025C_1v80_256.lib
abc -liberty sky130_fd_sc_hd__tt_025C_1v80_256.lib
write_verilog synth_processor_test.v
Folllowing are the commands to run the GLS simulation:
iverilog -o test synth_processor_test.v testbench.v sky130_sram_1kbyte_1rw1r_32x256_8.v sky130_fd_sc_hd.v primitives.v
Synthesized files Synthesized Verilog Files
OpenLane is an automated RTL to GDSII flow based on several components including OpenROAD, Yosys, Magic, Netgen, CVC, SPEF-Extractor, CU-GR, Klayout and a number of custom scripts for design exploration and optimization. The flow performs full ASIC implementation steps from RTL all the way down to GDSII.
To know more about Openlane : https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenLane
Use the command below to resolve the max transition time error:
sed -i's/max_transition :0.04/max_transition :0.75'*/*.lib
To begin the openlane flow, the verilog design file and corresponding configuration must be imported in the openlane. To do that follow the commands given below:
make mount
./flow.tcl -interactive
package require openlane 0.9
prep -design kanish
Once the design is imported then design file has to be synthesized.To synthesize the code run the following command
run_synthesis
The synthesis results are shown below:
Area Report
74. Printing statistics.
=== wrapper ===
Number of wires: 16713
Number of wire bits: 16725
Number of public wires: 16713
Number of public wire bits: 16725
Number of memories: 0
Number of memory bits: 0
Number of processes: 0
Number of cells: 16593
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a2111o_2 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a211o_2 9
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a211oi_2 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a211oi_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21bo_2 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21bo_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21boi_2 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21boi_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21o_2 105
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21o_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21oi_2 494
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21oi_4 571
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a221o_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a221oi_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a22o_2 371
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a2bb2o_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a31o_2 24
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a31o_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a31oi_2 7
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a31oi_4 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__a41o_2 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and2_2 69
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and2_4 21
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and2b_2 41
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and3_2 212
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and3_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and4_2 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__and4b_2 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_1 353
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_12 9
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_2 714
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_4 163
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_6 141
sky130_fd_sc_hd__buf_8 6
sky130_fd_sc_hd__bufinv_8 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__conb_1 37
sky130_fd_sc_hd__dfxtp_2 1281
sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_2 2253
sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_4 12
sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_6 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__inv_8 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__mux2_1 13
sky130_fd_sc_hd__mux2_2 316
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand2_2 5196
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand2_4 109
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand2_8 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand2b_2 6
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand2b_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand3_2 664
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand3_4 7
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nand3b_2 70
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor2_2 977
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor2_4 73
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor2_8 54
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor2b_2 6
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor2b_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor3_2 68
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor3_4 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__nor3b_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o2111ai_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o211a_2 82
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o211a_4 24
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o211ai_2 41
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21a_2 111
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21a_4 33
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21ai_2 507
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21ai_4 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21bai_2 11
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o21bai_4 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o221a_2 14
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o221ai_2 9
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o22a_2 73
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o22ai_2 839
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o22ai_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o2bb2a_2 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o2bb2ai_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o311a_2 4
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o31a_2 28
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o31ai_2 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__o32a_2 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or2_2 163
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or2_4 23
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or2b_2 30
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or3_2 14
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or3_4 10
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or3b_2 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or3b_4 2
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or4_2 5
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or4_4 3
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or4b_2 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__or4b_4 1
sky130_fd_sc_hd__xnor2_2 9
sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_2 26
sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_4 1
sky130_sram_1kbyte_1rw1r_32x256_8 2
Chip area for module '\wrapper': 523480.092000
After Synthesis, floorplanning has to be done. To perform floorplan run the following command
run_floorplan
Post the floorplan run, a .def file will have been created within the results/floorplan directory. To view the floorplan: Magic is invoked after moving to the results/floorplan directory,then use the following command:
magic -T /home/parallels/.volare/volare/sky130/versions/1341f54f5ce0c4955326297f235e4ace1eb6d419/sky130A/libs.tech/magic/sky130A.tech lef read ../../tmp/merged.nom.lef def read wrapper.def &
The floor plan result is shown below:
Die and Core Area Post Floorplan
Core Area - 5.52 10.88 1149.08 1153.28
Die Area - 0.0 0.0 1155.025 1165.745
Once floorplan is done the standard cells has to be placed in the appropriate position. This step is called placement. To perform placement type the following command:
run_placement
Post placement: the design can be viewed on magic within results/placement directory. Run the follwing command in that directory:
magic -T /home/parallels/.volare/volare/sky130/versions/1341f54f5ce0c4955326297f235e4ace1eb6d419/sky130A/libs.tech/magic/sky130A.tech lef read ../../tmp/merged.nom.lef def read wrapper.def &
Once the cells are placed clock buffers has to be inserted and clock tree has to be constructed. To perform this type the following command:
run_cts
===========================================================================
report_power
============================================================================
======================= Typical Corner ===================================
Group Internal Switching Leakage Total
Power Power Power Power (Watts)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Sequential 9.00e-04 2.67e-05 1.08e-08 9.27e-04 27.8%
Combinational 1.65e-03 7.20e-04 3.81e-05 2.41e-03 72.2%
Macro 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.0%
Pad 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.0%
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.55e-03 7.47e-04 3.81e-05 3.33e-03 100.0%
76.5% 22.4% 1.1%
power_report_end
summary_report
===========================================================================
report_tns
============================================================================
tns 0.00
===========================================================================
report_wns
============================================================================
wns 0.00
===========================================================================
report_worst_slack -max (Setup)
============================================================================
worst slack 15.97
===========================================================================
report_worst_slack -min (Hold)
============================================================================
worst slack 0.15
summary_report_end
area_report
===========================================================================
report_design_area
============================================================================
Design area 513827 u^2 39% utilization.
Once CTS is over power distribution network has to be constructed to supply voltage to all the cells. To perform this use the following command
gen_pdn
Once placement is done then routing has to be performed to connect all the cells. To perform this use the following command
run_routing
Routing Results
[INFO DRT-0195] Start 64th optimization iteration.
Completing 10% with 7 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 20% with 7 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 30% with 7 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 40% with 7 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 50% with 4 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 60% with 3 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 70% with 0 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 80% with 0 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 90% with 0 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:00, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
Completing 100% with 0 violations.
elapsed time = 00:00:06, memory = 1254.41 (MB).
[INFO DRT-0199] Number of violations = 0.
[INFO DRT-0267] cpu time = 00:00:06, elapsed time = 00:00:06, memory = 1254.41 (MB), peak = 2336.06 (MB)
Total wire length = 747476 um.
Total wire length on LAYER li1 = 0 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met1 = 291066 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met2 = 306544 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met3 = 105213 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met4 = 41933 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met5 = 2718 um.
Total number of vias = 140779.
Up-via summary (total 140779):.
-------------------------
FR_MASTERSLICE 0
li1 69232
met1 65809
met2 4630
met3 1076
met4 32
-------------------------
140779
[INFO DRT-0198] Complete detail routing.
Total wire length = 747476 um.
Total wire length on LAYER li1 = 0 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met1 = 291066 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met2 = 306544 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met3 = 105213 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met4 = 41933 um.
Total wire length on LAYER met5 = 2718 um.
Total number of vias = 140779.
Up-via summary (total 140779):.
-------------------------
FR_MASTERSLICE 0
li1 69232
met1 65809
met2 4630
met3 1076
met4 32
-------------------------
140779
[INFO DRT-0267] cpu time = 00:30:06, elapsed time = 00:06:25, memory = 1254.41 (MB), peak = 2336.06 (MB)
[INFO DRT-0180] Post processing.
Post Routing Timing Area and Power Report
===========================================================================
report_power
============================================================================
======================= Typical Corner ===================================
Group Internal Switching Leakage Total
Power Power Power Power (Watts)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Sequential 9.00e-04 2.17e-05 1.08e-08 9.21e-04 28.0%
Combinational 1.65e-03 6.74e-04 3.81e-05 2.37e-03 72.0%
Macro 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.0%
Pad 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.00e+00 0.0%
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.55e-03 6.96e-04 3.81e-05 3.29e-03 100.0%
77.7% 21.2% 1.2%
power_report_end
skew_report
===========================================================================
report_clock_skew
============================================================================
Clock clk
Latency CRPR Skew
top_inst.reg_file._17573_/CLK ^
0.89
data_mem/clk0 ^
0.54 0.00 0.35
skew_report_end
summary_report
===========================================================================
report_tns
============================================================================
tns 0.00
===========================================================================
report_wns
============================================================================
wns 0.00
===========================================================================
report_worst_slack -max (Setup)
============================================================================
worst slack 16.39
===========================================================================
report_worst_slack -min (Hold)
============================================================================
worst slack 0.14
summary_report_end
area_report
===========================================================================
report_design_area
============================================================================
Design area 551049 u^2 42% utilization.
Maximum Frequency = 23 MHz
cd Desktop/OpenLane/
./flow.tcl -interactive
package require openlane 0.9
prep -design picorv32a
run_synthesis
run_floorplan
run_placement
run_cts
gen_pdn
run_routing
run_magic
run_magic_spice_export
run_magic_drc
run_antenna_check
I sciencerly thank Mr. Kunal Gosh(Founder/VSD) for helping me out to complete this flow smoothly.
- Kunal Ghosh, VSD Corp. Pvt. Ltd.
- Skywater Foundry
- Alwin Shaju,Colleague,IIIT B
- Mayank Kabra