diff --git a/apps/global_full/4C_global_full_main.cpp b/apps/global_full/4C_global_full_main.cpp
index 07355fbea7c..d65b355b432 100644
--- a/apps/global_full/4C_global_full_main.cpp
+++ b/apps/global_full/4C_global_full_main.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include "4C_utils_exceptions.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_singleton_owner.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Kokkos_Core.hpp>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
diff --git a/apps/post_processor/4C_post_processor.cpp b/apps/post_processor/4C_post_processor.cpp
index 89da25cd6f7..a8accd92744 100644
--- a/apps/post_processor/4C_post_processor.cpp
+++ b/apps/post_processor/4C_post_processor.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_utils_exceptions.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_singleton_owner.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 using namespace FourC;
 namespace
diff --git a/apps/pre_exodus/4C_pre_exodus.cpp b/apps/pre_exodus/4C_pre_exodus.cpp
index 010efea72b1..1ebea16b9ba 100644
--- a/apps/pre_exodus/4C_pre_exodus.cpp
+++ b/apps/pre_exodus/4C_pre_exodus.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include "4C_utils_result_test.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_singleton_owner.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_CommandLineProcessor.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_Time.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
diff --git a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_junction.hpp b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_junction.hpp
index cafc64efba2..439bd8196dd 100644
--- a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_junction.hpp
+++ b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_junction.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "4C_io.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_SerialDenseSolver.hpp>
 
 #include <memory>
diff --git a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_terminal_bc.hpp b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_terminal_bc.hpp
index 97ef59a9832..a9e7a7cbc80 100644
--- a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_terminal_bc.hpp
+++ b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_terminal_bc.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_io.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_write_gnuplot.hpp b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_write_gnuplot.hpp
index fe57f322944..072dd0e0c47 100644
--- a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_write_gnuplot.hpp
+++ b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_art_write_gnuplot.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_io.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 
diff --git a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_explicitintegration.hpp b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_explicitintegration.hpp
index 7267cd19275..70e7840ec34 100644
--- a/src/art_net/4C_art_net_explicitintegration.hpp
+++ b/src/art_net/4C_art_net_explicitintegration.hpp
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_vector.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_function.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <ctime>
 #include <iostream>
diff --git a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer.cpp b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer.cpp
index 1aec4acb11b..e3afa9018f8 100644
--- a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer.cpp
+++ b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "4C_structure_new_timint_basedataglobalstate.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_FEVector.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
diff --git a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer_contact.cpp b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer_contact.cpp
index cb1564a9b03..fd122f21e4a 100644
--- a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer_contact.cpp
+++ b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_beam_to_solid_surface_visualization_output_writer_contact.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "4C_structure_new_timint_basedataglobalstate.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_FEVector.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
diff --git a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_crosslinking.hpp b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_crosslinking.hpp
index df91abbf347..ad4a02f0426 100644
--- a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_crosslinking.hpp
+++ b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_crosslinking.hpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_inpar_beaminteraction.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_fixedsizematrix.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
 
diff --git a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_spherebeamlinking.hpp b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_spherebeamlinking.hpp
index 6a6c8c28c5c..04c80396789 100644
--- a/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_spherebeamlinking.hpp
+++ b/src/beaminteraction/4C_beaminteraction_submodel_evaluator_spherebeamlinking.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_io_visualization_manager.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_fixedsizematrix.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <unordered_set>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_exporter.hpp b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_exporter.hpp
index a9f853108a1..40b24a0489a 100644
--- a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_exporter.hpp
+++ b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_exporter.hpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_comm_utils_factory.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_Map.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
diff --git a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.cpp b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.cpp
index 7a5d2cb47b4..8e618ae5e97 100644
--- a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.cpp
+++ b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 
 #include <Epetra_CrsMatrix.h>
 #include <Epetra_Import.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <sstream>
diff --git a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.hpp b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.hpp
index 0f2893b0360..1dd38593d61 100644
--- a/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.hpp
+++ b/src/core/comm/src/4C_comm_utils.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_multi_vector.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_exceptions.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_DefaultMpiComm.hpp>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/core/comm/tests/4C_comm_mpi_utils_test.np3.cpp b/src/core/comm/tests/4C_comm_mpi_utils_test.np3.cpp
index 465dd9ced38..a46cfff9ddc 100644
--- a/src/core/comm/tests/4C_comm_mpi_utils_test.np3.cpp
+++ b/src/core/comm/tests/4C_comm_mpi_utils_test.np3.cpp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 #include "4C_comm_mpi_utils.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 
 namespace
diff --git a/src/core/fem/src/discretization/4C_fem_discretization.hpp b/src/core/fem/src/discretization/4C_fem_discretization.hpp
index 083399122ce..84927d0f48a 100644
--- a/src/core/fem/src/discretization/4C_fem_discretization.hpp
+++ b/src/core/fem/src/discretization/4C_fem_discretization.hpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_Map.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <ranges>
diff --git a/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_bvh.cpp b/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_bvh.cpp
index 19890c8b3c7..45efdf43a85 100644
--- a/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_bvh.cpp
+++ b/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_bvh.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_utils.hpp"
 #include "4C_io_pstream.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
 #ifdef FOUR_C_WITH_ARBORX
diff --git a/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_distributed_tree.cpp b/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_distributed_tree.cpp
index 74be226511a..f6f4a81e1bb 100644
--- a/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_distributed_tree.cpp
+++ b/src/core/fem/src/geometric_search/4C_fem_geometric_search_distributed_tree.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_bounding_volume.hpp"
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_utils.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
 #ifdef FOUR_C_WITH_ARBORX
diff --git a/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_distributed_test.np3.cpp b/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_distributed_test.np3.cpp
index 9e92797cc98..57821896d01 100644
--- a/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_distributed_test.np3.cpp
+++ b/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_distributed_test.np3.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_distributed_tree.hpp"
 #include "4C_geometric_search_create_bounding_volumes_test.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 namespace
 {
diff --git a/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_test.cpp b/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_test.cpp
index 09b939e74bb..ec1aa721b6c 100644
--- a/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_test.cpp
+++ b/src/core/fem/tests/geometric_search/4C_geometric_search_test.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_bounding_volume.hpp"
 #include "4C_fem_geometric_search_utils.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #ifdef FOUR_C_WITH_ARBORX
 
diff --git a/src/core/io/src/4C_io_control.cpp b/src/core/io/src/4C_io_control.cpp
index 4036dd54164..6e64ffb0ef0 100644
--- a/src/core/io/src/4C_io_control.cpp
+++ b/src/core/io/src/4C_io_control.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_io_legacy_table.hpp"
 #include "4C_io_pstream.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <pwd.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
diff --git a/src/core/io/src/4C_io_hdf.hpp b/src/core/io/src/4C_io_hdf.hpp
index b711fdb3e4d..81c49ac5c38 100644
--- a/src/core/io/src/4C_io_hdf.hpp
+++ b/src/core/io/src/4C_io_hdf.hpp
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_vector.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_Map.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <hdf5.h>
 #include <hdf5_hl.h>
 
diff --git a/src/core/io/tests/4C_io_pstream_test.cpp b/src/core/io/tests/4C_io_pstream_test.cpp
index d41cd4923f3..c68160ec8e2 100644
--- a/src/core/io/tests/4C_io_pstream_test.cpp
+++ b/src/core/io/tests/4C_io_pstream_test.cpp
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@
 
 #include "4C_io_pstream.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <stdexcept>
 
 namespace
diff --git a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_manipulation_test.np2.cpp b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_manipulation_test.np2.cpp
index 52bc573f547..5c62f205694 100644
--- a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_manipulation_test.np2.cpp
+++ b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_manipulation_test.np2.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math.hpp"
 #include "4C_unittest_utils_support_files_test.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <EpetraExt_CrsMatrixIn.h>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math_test.np2.cpp b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math_test.np2.cpp
index 4b4610d78c1..a48480a0b02 100644
--- a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math_test.np2.cpp
+++ b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math_test.np2.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_manipulation.hpp"
 #include "4C_unittest_utils_support_files_test.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <EpetraExt_CrsMatrixIn.h>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_vector_test.np2.cpp b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_vector_test.np2.cpp
index 2b4a9c56f98..51611a8d2b6 100644
--- a/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_vector_test.np2.cpp
+++ b/src/core/linalg/tests/4C_linalg_vector_test.np2.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 
 // Epetra related headers
 #include <Epetra_Map.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <memory>
 
diff --git a/src/core/linear_solver/src/method/4C_linear_solver_method_linalg.cpp b/src/core/linear_solver/src/method/4C_linear_solver_method_linalg.cpp
index 657efe92137..a04daae44ac 100644
--- a/src/core/linear_solver/src/method/4C_linear_solver_method_linalg.cpp
+++ b/src/core/linear_solver/src/method/4C_linear_solver_method_linalg.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <BelosTypes.hpp>  // for Belos verbosity codes
 #include <Epetra_LinearProblem.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <ml_MultiLevelPreconditioner.h>  // includes for ML parameter list validation
 #include <Teuchos_ParameterList.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_StandardParameterEntryValidators.hpp>
diff --git a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_coupling_red_models.hpp b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_coupling_red_models.hpp
index 9ed4c88a3a2..12cd62438dd 100644
--- a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_coupling_red_models.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_coupling_red_models.hpp
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_red_airways_dyn_drt.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_implicit_integration.hpp b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_implicit_integration.hpp
index dd032356434..2a7894a1005 100644
--- a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_implicit_integration.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_implicit_integration.hpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_vector.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
 #include <ctime>
diff --git a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_utils.hpp b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_utils.hpp
index 3b2876931ff..4bbd2b877a6 100644
--- a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_utils.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_utils.hpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_inpar_fluid.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_blocksparsematrix.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_volumetric_surfaceFlow_condition.hpp b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_volumetric_surfaceFlow_condition.hpp
index 5baac4a512d..01b60924cab 100644
--- a/src/fluid/4C_fluid_volumetric_surfaceFlow_condition.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid/4C_fluid_volumetric_surfaceFlow_condition.hpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 
 #include <Epetra_Map.h>
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 #include <memory>
 
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfda.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfda.hpp
index 28c4a5e49f8..ebca5c263d2 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfda.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfda.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfs.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfs.hpp
index ede79e55dde..12b5e76f61f 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfs.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_bfs.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ccy.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ccy.hpp
index f71befc6968..d3685faa7bc 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ccy.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ccy.hpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_serialdensematrix.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_ParameterList.hpp>
 
 #include <memory>
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_cha.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_cha.hpp
index 212c63d8ccf..8db12a7e1da 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_cha.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_cha.hpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "4C_inpar_scatra.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_ParameterList.hpp>
 
 #include <memory>
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ldc.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ldc.hpp
index 3de1305629d..eeaffcac53a 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ldc.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ldc.hpp
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ph.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ph.hpp
index 9100aac6969..ec4e1a966b6 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ph.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_ph.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_sqc.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_sqc.hpp
index 4711909c7fa..0e0b7cea71f 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_sqc.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_sqc.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_create.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_tgv.hpp b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_tgv.hpp
index c84b01993a1..29f7a652577 100644
--- a/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_tgv.hpp
+++ b/src/fluid_turbulence/4C_fluid_turbulence_statistics_tgv.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "4C_inpar_scatra.hpp"
 #include "4C_linalg_utils_sparse_algebra_math.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_ParameterList.hpp>
 
 #include <memory>
diff --git a/src/levelset/4C_levelset_algorithm.hpp b/src/levelset/4C_levelset_algorithm.hpp
index b0c924084c7..4f963c1f343 100644
--- a/src/levelset/4C_levelset_algorithm.hpp
+++ b/src/levelset/4C_levelset_algorithm.hpp
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 #include "4C_scatra_timint_implicit.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 #define USE_PHIN_FOR_VEL  // TODO
diff --git a/src/levelset/4C_levelset_dyn.cpp b/src/levelset/4C_levelset_dyn.cpp
index 6774395d246..52e70ac7a3e 100644
--- a/src/levelset/4C_levelset_dyn.cpp
+++ b/src/levelset/4C_levelset_dyn.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "4C_inpar_scatra.hpp"
 #include "4C_levelset_algorithm.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_ParameterList.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_StandardParameterEntryValidators.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
diff --git a/src/mortar/4C_mortar_manager_base.cpp b/src/mortar/4C_mortar_manager_base.cpp
index 53d60ba52a7..aba943a537f 100644
--- a/src/mortar/4C_mortar_manager_base.cpp
+++ b/src/mortar/4C_mortar_manager_base.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 #include "4C_mortar_manager_base.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/particle_engine/4C_particle_engine_communication_utils.hpp b/src/particle_engine/4C_particle_engine_communication_utils.hpp
index 5807688f954..a38c49d9880 100644
--- a/src/particle_engine/4C_particle_engine_communication_utils.hpp
+++ b/src/particle_engine/4C_particle_engine_communication_utils.hpp
@@ -8,15 +8,11 @@
 #ifndef FOUR_C_PARTICLE_ENGINE_COMMUNICATION_UTILS_HPP
 #define FOUR_C_PARTICLE_ENGINE_COMMUNICATION_UTILS_HPP
 
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*
- | headers                                                                   |
- *---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 #include "4C_config.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
 
 #include <map>
-#include <set>
 #include <vector>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/post/4C_post_common.cpp b/src/post/4C_post_common.cpp
index db391daed7b..fe2c6a35eb4 100644
--- a/src/post/4C_post_common.cpp
+++ b/src/post/4C_post_common.cpp
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 #include "4C_io_legacy_table.hpp"
 #include "4C_rigidsphere.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <stack>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/red_airways/4C_red_airways_implicitintegration.hpp b/src/red_airways/4C_red_airways_implicitintegration.hpp
index d12485361c4..53b960bbfe2 100644
--- a/src/red_airways/4C_red_airways_implicitintegration.hpp
+++ b/src/red_airways/4C_red_airways_implicitintegration.hpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #include "4C_utils_function.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
 #include <cstdlib>
diff --git a/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_loma.hpp b/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_loma.hpp
index fe16a8e60b3..1b450685ef2 100644
--- a/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_loma.hpp
+++ b/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_loma.hpp
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 #include "4C_scatra_timint_implicit.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_poromulti.hpp b/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_poromulti.hpp
index 96f0a3c0edf..274ced5a2d3 100644
--- a/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_poromulti.hpp
+++ b/src/scatra/4C_scatra_timint_poromulti.hpp
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 #include "4C_scatra_timint_stat.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/structure/4C_structure_timada_create.hpp b/src/structure/4C_structure_timada_create.hpp
index 10b231608e1..9d4a70f2f97 100644
--- a/src/structure/4C_structure_timada_create.hpp
+++ b/src/structure/4C_structure_timada_create.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/structure/4C_structure_timint_create.hpp b/src/structure/4C_structure_timint_create.hpp
index 33d75f92885..794b8ca2098 100644
--- a/src/structure/4C_structure_timint_create.hpp
+++ b/src/structure/4C_structure_timint_create.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/tsi/4C_tsi_dyn.cpp b/src/tsi/4C_tsi_dyn.cpp
index 89758718678..38f84255280 100644
--- a/src/tsi/4C_tsi_dyn.cpp
+++ b/src/tsi/4C_tsi_dyn.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "4C_tsi_partitioned.hpp"
 #include "4C_tsi_utils.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 #include <Teuchos_StandardParameterEntryValidators.hpp>
 #include <Teuchos_TimeMonitor.hpp>
 
diff --git a/src/tsi/4C_tsi_utils.cpp b/src/tsi/4C_tsi_utils.cpp
index 99da86709fd..4d83c44f468 100644
--- a/src/tsi/4C_tsi_utils.cpp
+++ b/src/tsi/4C_tsi_utils.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "4C_solid_scatra_3D_ele.hpp"
 #include "4C_thermo_element.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/src/xfem/4C_xfem_mesh_projector.hpp b/src/xfem/4C_xfem_mesh_projector.hpp
index 4252e4bd636..97efb6ab999 100644
--- a/src/xfem/4C_xfem_mesh_projector.hpp
+++ b/src/xfem/4C_xfem_mesh_projector.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "4C_linalg_vector.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_parameter_list.fwd.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
-
 #include <memory>
 
 FOUR_C_NAMESPACE_OPEN
diff --git a/unittests/io/4C_discretization_nodal_coordinates_test.np3.cpp b/unittests/io/4C_discretization_nodal_coordinates_test.np3.cpp
index dafefb98b3e..9b1b5875346 100644
--- a/unittests/io/4C_discretization_nodal_coordinates_test.np3.cpp
+++ b/unittests/io/4C_discretization_nodal_coordinates_test.np3.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "4C_material_parameter_base.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_singleton_owner.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 namespace
 {
diff --git a/unittests/io/4C_gridgenerator_test.np3.cpp b/unittests/io/4C_gridgenerator_test.np3.cpp
index b79bbaa46a6..a1ab168f400 100644
--- a/unittests/io/4C_gridgenerator_test.np3.cpp
+++ b/unittests/io/4C_gridgenerator_test.np3.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "4C_material_parameter_base.hpp"
 #include "4C_utils_singleton_owner.hpp"
 
-#include <Epetra_MpiComm.h>
 
 namespace
 {